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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Marriage Fam. 2015 May 12;77(4):844–865. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12204

Table 3.

Multilevel Models With Parental Resources and Offspring Statuses as Explanatory Variables for Socioeconomic Differences in Support and Coresidence

Model variables Overall
supporta 		Technical
supporta 		Listening
to talk about
daily lifea 		Financial
supporta 		Amount of
financial
supportb 		Coresidencec
B SE B SE B SE B SE B SE B SE
Fixed effects
  Intercept 8.94*** 0.63 3.28*** 0.90 9.82*** 0.83 8.17*** 0.86 3.58*** 0.46 4.65*** 1.18
  Parent incomed 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.02 0.06 0.12 0.06 0.18*** 0.03 −0.01 0.09
  Parent years of education −0.05 0.03 −0.02 0.04 −0.06 0.04 −0.02 0.04 0.04 0.02 −0.18*** 0.05
    Explanatory variables
      Parent hours of working 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
      Parent financial problemse 0.04 0.14 0.07 0.21 0.18 0.19 0.08 0.19 −0.06 0.10 0.22 0.26
      Parent marital statusf 0.34** 0.11 0.05 0.16 0.35* 0.15 0.42** 0.15 0.11 0.08 0.74*** 0.22
      Parent number of children −0.16*** 0.03 −0.07 0.05 −0.18*** 0.05 −0.18*** 0.05 −0.10*** 0.03 −0.03 0.06
      Parent child under age 18g 0.01 0.12 0.10 0.17 −0.07 0.15 0.24 0.16 0.00 0.09 −0.07 0.21
      Parent care for aging parenth −0.13 0.11 −0.36* 0.16 −0.27 0.15 0.02 0.15 −0.06 0.08 −0.16 0.21
      Offspring student statusi 0.09 0.11 0.10 0.12 −0.07 0.15 1.13*** 0.14 0.39*** 0.08 −0.94*** 0.22
      Offspring marital statusj −0.26* 0.12 −0.31* 0.12 −0.06 0.17 −0.77*** 0.16 −0.49*** 0.09 −2.55*** 0.62
      Offspring parent statusk 0.14 0.10 −0.06 0.11 0.04 0.15 0.09 0.14 −0.05 0.08 −0.30 0.26
      Offspring age −0.11*** 0.01 −0.04*** 0.01 −0.11*** 0.01 −0.13*** 0.01 −0.05*** 0.01 −0.14*** 0.03
      Offspring life problems 0.07* 0.03 0.02 0.04 −0.01 0.04 0.18*** 0.04 0.11*** 0.02 0.03 0.07
    Control variables
      Parent genderl −0.30** 0.10 0.70*** 0.14 −0.81*** 0.13 −0.29* 0.13 −0.01 0.07 −0.47** 0.18
      Parent age −0.01 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.02 −0.02 0.02 −0.01 0.01 0.00 0.02
      Parent minority statusm 0.16 0.11 0.60*** 0.16 −0.15 0.15 0.37* 0.15 0.04 0.08 0.00 0.21
      Offspring genderl −0.33*** 0.07 −0.14 0.08 −0.45*** 0.10 −0.23* 0.09 −0.16** 0.06 0.29 0.16
Random effects
  Intercept variance 0.68*** 0.08 2.06*** 0.16 0.97*** 0.13 1.31*** 0.15 0.27*** 0.04 — —
  Residual variance 1.06*** 0.06 0.98*** 0.06 2.22*** 0.13 1.83*** 0.11 0.71*** 0.04 0.62** 0.22
−2 log likelihood 3,866.2 4,248.1 4,623.5 4,546.7 3,243.4 5,786.5
a

Coded 1 = less than once a year or not at all, 2 = once a year, 3 = a few times a year, 4 = monthly, 5 = a few times a month, 6 = weekly, 7 = a few times a week, and 8 = daily.

b

Coded 1 = less than $100, 2 = $101–$500, 3 = $501–$1,000, and 4 = more than $1,000.

c

1 = living in the same household and 0 = living in the separate households; a multilevel logistic model was estimated.

d

Household income in 2007; 1 = less than $10,000, 2 = $10,001–$25,000, 3 = $25,001–$40,000, 4 = $40,001–$75,000, 5 = $75,001–$100,000, and 6 = more than $100,000.

e

1 = have financial problems, 0 = no financial problems.

f

1 = remarried or married, 0 = not married.

g

1 = have children under age 18, 0 = no children under age 18.

h

1 = caregiving for aging parent, 0 = not caregiving for aging parent.

i

1 = student, 0 = not a student.

j

1 = remarried or married, 0 = not married.

k

1 = have children, 0 = no children.

l

1 = male, 0 = female.

m

1 = racial minority, 0 = non-Hispanic White.

*

p < .05.

**

p < .01.

***

p < .001.

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