Table S1.
V. parahaemolyticus strains used in this study
| Bacterial strain | Origin | Country (Ref.) |
| AHPND-causing | ||
| 3HP | AHPND diseased P. vannamei | Thailand (7) |
| 5HP | AHPND diseased P. vannamei | Thailand (7) |
| China | AHPND diseased P. vannamei | China (7) |
| A/3 (NCBI 13–028A3) | AHPND diseased P. vannamei | Vietnam (6) |
| D/4 | AHPND diseased P. vannamei | Mexico (4) |
| PD2 | AHPND diseased P. vannamei | Taiwan |
| M1-1 | Water in AHPND shrimp pond | Vietnam |
| Non-AHPND | ||
| S02 | Shrimp pond sediment collected from Phang-Nga province before EMS/AHPND emerged | Thailand (7) |
| M2-36 | Water in AHPND shrimp pond | Vietnam |
| BCRC12865 | Blue crab hemolymph | Taiwan |
| BCRC12959 | Shrimps | Taiwan |
| BCRC12864 | Shrimps involved in food poisoning | United States |
EMS, early mortality syndrome.