Table 4.
Disorder | MA | MoA | MA | MoA |
---|---|---|---|---|
Crude OR (95 %CI) | Crude OR (95 % CI) | Adjusted OR (95 % CI) | Adjusted OR (95 % CI) | |
Trigger factors | ||||
Oversleep | 3.97 (1.26–12.49)* | 0.94 (0.28–3.23) | 4.65 (1.32–16.33)* | 1.00 (0.27–3.73) |
Premenstrual period | 4.83 (1.54–15.17)** | 1.76 (0.55–5.61) | 5.02 (1.26–19.98)* | 2.18 (0.54–8.72) |
Stressful life event | 3.25 (0.55–19.12) | 0.44 (0.18–1.50) | 3.60 (0.55–23.41) | 0.50 (0.13–1.97) |
Hot/cold weather | 2.89 (1.04–8.06)* | 0.77 (0.30–2.45) | 4.92 (1.31–18.57)* | 0.81 (0.22–2.98) |
Relaxation after stress | 1.41 (0.52–3.79) | 0.37 (0.13–1.09) | 1.02 (0.31–3.32) | 0.24 (0.07–0.89) |
Menstruation | 2.08 (0.78–5.53) | 0.63 (0.24–1.65) | 1.68 (0.47–5.95) | 0.57 (0.16–2.00) |
Wind | 3.84 (1.12–13.14)* | 1.23 (0.33–4.53) | 10.26 (1.96–53.73)** | 2.71 (0.52–14.08) |
Intense emotions | 1.62 (0.48–5.27) | 0.45 (0.16–1.26) | 1.38 (0.36–5.23) | 0.48 (0.14–1.62) |
Shining | 7.59 (0.90–63.80) | 2.51 (0.27–23.68) | 18.21 (1.47–225.24)* | 2.25 (0.18–28.86) |
Hunger | 4.25 (1.25–14.50)* | 2.81 (0.83–9.56) | 4.97 (1.24–19.87)* | 3.11 (0.79–12.30) |
Bright sunlight | 3.46 (1.01–11.90)* | 1.23 (0.33–4.53) | 4.81 (1.21–19.22)* | 1.35 (0.37–5.61) |
Alcohol | 3.84 (1.12–13.14)* | 2.29 (0.67–7.90) | 5.61 (1.42–22.11)* | 2.52 (0.66–9.67) |
Cigarette smoke | 3.11 (0.90–10.75) | 1.05 (0.28–3.97) | 3.55 (0.84–15.00) | 1.36 (0.30–6.15) |
Skipping meals | 3.46 (1.01–11.90)* | 2.81 (0.83–9.56) | 3.83 (0.98–15.06) | 2.40 (0.63–9.18) |
Rain | 3.49 (0.87–13.62) | 1.46 (0.45–6.17) | 3.66 (0.77–17.33) | 1.20 (0.25–5.84) |
Noise | 1.96 (0.70–5.46) | 0.76 (0.26–2.21) | 2.03 (0.64–6.43) | 0.81 (0.25–2.64) |
Air pollution | 1.18 (0.37–3.73) | 0.34 (0.09–1.33) | 0.96 (0.27–3.46) | 0.27 (0.06–1.20) |
Coffee deprivation | 1.29 (0.45–3.68) | 0.51 (0.17–1.57) | 1.29 (0.40–4.15) | 0.53 (0.15–1.80) |
High altitude | 4.63 (0.52–40.77) | 1.20 (0.10–13.87) | 4.15 (0.38–45.44) | 1.18 (0.08–17.14) |
Odors | 2.38 (0.85–6.62) | 1.42 (0.51–3.90) | 2.93 (0.89–9.65) | 1.44 (0.45–4.63) |
Sexual activity | 4.63 (0.52–40.77) | 1.84 (0.18–18.61) | 5.90 (0.54–64.27) | 1.33 (0.11–15.85) |
Weather changes | 1.47 (0.56–3.87) | 0.72 (0.28–1.85) | 1.66 (0.53–5.19) | 0.75 (0.24–2.30) |
Sleep hours changes | 2.12 (0.74–6.11) | 1.27 (0.44–3.67) | 2.18 (0.69–6.86) | 1.25 (0.40–3.89) |
Physical activities | 0.40 (0.10–1.56) | 0.44 (0.12–1.59) | 0.22 (0.07–1.06) | 0.33 (0.07–1.46) |
Fatigue | 0.91 (0.34–2.38) | 0.59 (0.23–1.51) | 0.71 (0.23–2.18) | 0.46 (0.15–1.36) |
Traveling | 1.90 (0.63–5.77) | 1.72 (0.58–5.12) | 2.21 (0.67–7.32) | 2.02 (0.62–6.56) |
Vegetables | 1.40 (0.24–8.25) | 2.28 (0.44–11.81) | 1.27 (0.17–9.28) | 1.87 (0.29–12.14) |
Sleep deprivation | 1.47 (0.56–3.87) | 1.11 (0.43–2.82) | 1.93 (0.64–5.83) | 1.62 (0.55–4.76) |
Fatty meals | 1.80 (0.32–10.04) | 0.89 (0.14–5.66) | 1.73 (0.21–14.32) | 0.52 (0.06–4.60) |
Weight lift | 0.64 (0.16–2.45) | 0.55 (0.14–2.09) | 0.52 (0.13–2.60) | 0.48 (0.11–2.14) |
Chocolate | 1.29 (0.38–4.37) | 0.94 (0.28–3.23) | 0.95 (0.25–3.68) | 0.52 (0.13–2.02) |
Coffee | 1.29 (0.38–4.37) | 0.94 (0.28–3.23) | 0.87 (0.21–3.61) | 0.60 (0.14–2.53) |
Dairy products | 1.43 (0.32–6.26) | 0.99 (0.22–4.51) | 1.18 (0.24–5.79) | 0.80 (0.15–4.19) |
Rest | 0.83 (0.20–3.42) | 0.71 (0.18–2.92) | 0.61 (0.12–3.18) | 0.59 (0.11–3.02) |
Cold water/ice cream | 1.03 (0.26–4.03) | 1.05 (0.26–4.04) | 0.86 (0.17–4.30) | 0.52 (0.11–2.45) |
MA, MoA, TTH denote migraine with aura, migraine without aura and tension-type headache respectively
Sociodemographic variables: sex, age group, marital status, educational level, employment status
Level of significance: * <0.05 and ** <0.01
HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Crude OR crude odds ratios, Adjusted OR odds ratios adjusted for sociodemographic variables, anxiety and depressive symptoms, CI confidence Interval