Table 1.
Comparison of Characteristics Between Case and Control Hospital Admissions
| Variable | Cases (With BSI) (n = 1047) | Controls (Without BSI) (n = 39 676) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (female) | 474 (45) | 18 908 (48) | .13 |
| Age, categorical | <.001 | ||
| ≤1 y | 545 (52) | 26 654 (67) | |
| 1–5 y | 216 (21) | 3776 (9.5) | |
| >5 y | 286 (27) | 9246 (23) | |
| Short bowel syndrome | 207 (20) | 243 (0.6) | <.001 |
| Peripherally inserted central cathetera | 150 (14) | 1033 (2.6) | <.001 |
| Broviac-Hickman cathetera |
72 (7) | 511 (1.3) | <.001 |
| Subcutaneous cathetera | 11 (1.1) | 275 (0.7) | .17 |
| Other central venous line, unspecifieda | 174 (17) | 1376 (3.5) | <.001 |
| ICU admission | 357 (34) | 6626 (17) | <.001 |
| Immunosuppression | 170 (16) | 4274 (11) | <.001 |
| Parenteral nutrition | 278 (26.5) | 2800 (7.1) | <.001 |
| Very low birthweight | 80 (7.6) | 211 (0.5) | <.001 |
| Renal failure | 104 (10) | 378 (1) | <.001 |
| Malignancy | 171 (16) | 1495 (4) | <.001 |
| History of solid organ transplant | 85 (8) | 422 (1.1) | <.001 |
| Transfer from skilled nursing facility | 13 (1.2) | 96 (0.2) | <.001 |
| Cirrhosis | 12 (1.2) | 42 (0.1) | <.001 |
| Death | 79 (7.6) | 308 (0.8) | <.001 |
| Inpatient time at risk prior to development of BSI (days), median (IQR) | 16 (7, 51) | 3 (2, 4) | <.001 |
All data are number (percent) unless otherwise stated; unit of case and control is hospital admission (rather than individual patient).
Abbreviations: BSI, bloodstream infection; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range.
aFor BSI cases, administration of these time-varying interventions was considered only if they occurred prior to culture collection for infection.