Table 2.
Current asthma prevalence and adjusted prevalence rate ratios by selected predictors among racial and ethnic adult populations—2009–2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data—white, black, Hispanic.
| White (n = 688,173) |
Black (n = 67,893) |
Hispanic (n = 53,624) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current asthma prevalence % (95% CI) |
Prevalence ratio aPR (95% CI)a |
Current asthma prevalence % (95% CI) |
Prevalence ratio aPR (95%CI)a |
Current asthma prevalence % (95% CI) |
Prevalence ratio aPR (95% CI)a |
|
| Sex | p < .0001b | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | |||
| Male | 6.6 (6.4–6.8) | 1.0 (reference) | 7.2 (6.5–8.0) | 1.0(reference) | 5.0 (4.5–5.7) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Female | 10.6 (10.4–10.8) | 1.6 (1.5–1.7) | 12.3 (11.7–12.9) | 1.6 (1.5–1.9) | 8.4 (7.9–8.9) | 1.7 (1.5–2.0) |
| Age, year range | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p = .0327 | |||
| 18–34 | 10.0 (9.6–10.4) | 1.0 (reference) | 11.5 (10.4–12.7) | 1.0 (reference) | 6.6 (6.0–7.4) | 1.0 (reference) |
| 35–44 | 8.2 (7.9–8.5) | 0.8 (0.8–0.9) | 9.2 (8.3–10.2) | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) | 6.1 (5.4–6.9) | 0.9 (0.7–1.0) |
| 45–54 | 8.5 (8.2–8.7) | 0.8 (0.8–0.9) | 9.2 (8.4–9.9) | 0.7 (0.6–0.8) | 6.8 (6.1–7.6) | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) |
| 55–64 | 8.7 (8.5–8.9) | 0.8 (0.8–0.8) | 10.7 (9.8–11.7) | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) | 8.0 (7.1–9.1) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) |
| 65+ | 7.6 (7.5–7.8) | 0.6 (0.6–0.7) | 8.4 (7.7–9.2) | 0.6 (0.5–0.7) | 7.5 (6.6–8.4) | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) |
| Education level | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p = .0001 | |||
| High school or less | 9.5 (9.3–9.8) | 1.0 (0.9–1.0) | 11.2 (10.4–12.0) | 1.2 (1.03–1.3) | 6.2 (5.7–6.7) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) |
| Some college | 9.2 (8.9–9.4) | 1.0 (1.0–1.1) | 10.1 (9.3–11.0) | 1.1 (1.0–1.3) | 8.5 (7.6–9.5) | 1.3 (1.1–1.5) |
| College 4+ years | 7.5 (7.3–7.7) | 1.0 (reference) | 7.9 (7.2–8.7) | 1.0 (reference) | 6.5 (5.7–7.4) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Household income | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p = .0049 | |||
| <$15,000 | 16.2 (15.5–16.9) | 2.1 (2.0–2.3) | 13.8 (12.5-15.2) | 1.5 (1.2–1.9) | 7.7 (6.8–8.6) | 1.3 (1.1–1.7) |
| $15,000–$24,999 | 11.2 (10.8–11.7) | 1.6 (1.5–1.7) | 12.3 (11.2–13.5) | 1.4 (1.2–1.7) | 6.2 (5.4–7.1) | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) |
| $25,000–$49,999 | 8.5 (8.3–8.8) | 1.2 (1.1–1.2) | 8.5 (7.7–9.4) | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 5.7 (5.1–6.5) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) |
| $50,000–$74,999 | 7.6 (7.3–7.9) | 1.1 (1.0–1.1) | 8.7 (7.4–10.2) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 8.2 (6.9–9.7) | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) |
| ≥$75,000 | 6.9 (6.7–7.1) | 1.0 (reference) | 7.1 (6.1–8.3) | 1.0 (reference) | 6.8 (5.9–8.0) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Body mass index | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | |||
| Obese | 11.8 (11.5–12.1) | 1.5 (1.5–1.6) | 12.6 (11.8–13.4) | 1.4 (1.3–1.6) | 8.9 (8.2–9.8) | 1.5 (1.3–1.7) |
| Non-obese | 7.4 (7.3–7.6) | 1.0 (reference) | 8.2 (7.6–8.9) | 1.0 (reference) | 6.0 (5.5–6.5) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Smoking status | p < .0001 | p = .0027 | p < .0001 | |||
| Current smoker | 10.4 (10.0–10.7) | 1.2 (1.1–1.2) | 11.7 (10.6–12.9) | 1.2 (1.1–1.4) | 8.9 (7.8–10.1) | 1.6 (1.3–1.9) |
| Former smoker | 8.7 (8.5–8.9) | 1.1 (1.1–1.2) | 10.1 (9.3–11.0) | 1.2 (1.1–1.3) | 7.9 (7.0–8.9) | 1.4 (1.2–1.6) |
| Non-smoker | 8.1 (7.9–8.3) | 1.0 (reference) | 9.5 (8.9–10.1) | 1.0 (reference) | 6.0 (5.6–6.5) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Physical activity | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p = .0460 | |||
| Active | 7.9 (7.7–8.0) | 0.8 (0.8–0.9) | 9.0 (8.5–9.6) | 0.9 (0.8–0.95) | 6.5 (6.0–6.9) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) |
| Inactive | 11.2 (10.9–11.5) | 1.0 (reference) | 12.1 (11.3–13.0) | 1.0 (reference) | 7.3 (6.6–8.1) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Health insurance | p = .0019 | p = .4859 | p < .0001 | |||
| Yes | 8.5 (8.4–8.7) | 1.2 (1.2-1.3) | 10.1 (9.6–10.6) | 1.2 (1.02–1.4) | 7.9 (7.5–8.5) | 1.7 (1.5–2.1) |
| No | 9.4 (8.9–9.9) | 1.0 (reference) | 9.7 (8.6–10.9) | 1.0 (reference) | 4.3 (3.7–5.0) | 1.0 (reference) |
Notes:
a
Prevalence rate ratio (95% confidence interval) adjusted for age, sex, education, income, obesity, smoking, physical activity, and health insurance.
b
P-values for the chi-square test for independence to determine whether there is a significant relationship between two categorical variables.