Table 3.
Current asthma prevalence and adjusted prevalence rate ratios by selected predictors among racial and ethnic adult populations—2009–2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data—American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN), Asian/Pacific Islander, Other race.
| AI/ANα (n = 11,916) |
Asian/Pacific Islander (n = 15,840) |
Other race (n = 18,895) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current asthma prevalence % (95% CI) |
Prevalence ratio aPR (95%CI)b |
Current asthma prevalence % (95% CI) |
Prevalence ratio aPR (95%CI) |
Current asthma prevalence % (95% CI) |
Prevalence ratio aPR (95% CI) |
|
| Sex | pc < .0001 | p = .5748 | p < .0001 | |||
| Male | 9.5 (7.8–11.5) | 1.0 (reference) | 4.7 (3.8–5.7) | 1.0 (reference) | 10.7 (9.4–12.2) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Female | 17.4 (15.4–19.6) | 1.7 (1.4–2.2) | 5.0 (4.2–5.9) | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 16.5 (15.2–17.8) | 1.4 (1.2–1.7) |
| Age, year range | p = .0538 | p = .0009 | p = .0087 | |||
| 18–34 | 11.6 (9.0–14.8) | 1.0 (reference) | 4.5 (3.4–6.0) | 1.0 (reference) | 13.7 (11.7–15.9) | 1.0 (reference) |
| 35–44 | 12.9 (9.6–17.2) | 1.1 (0.7–1.6) | 3.4 (2.6–4.4) | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 13.5 (11.5–16.0) | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) |
| 45–54 | 14.5 (12.0–17.4) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 6.1 (4.8–7.8) | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) | 15.0 (13.1–17.1) | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) |
| 55–64 | 16.5 (13.6–19.9) | 1.3 (1.0–1.8) | 6.6 (5.0–8.6) | 1.4 (1.0–2.1) | 13.3 (11.7–15.0) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) |
| 65+ | 11.1 (8.9–13.7) | 0.9 (0.6–1.2) | 6.1 (4.7–7.8) | 1.3 (0.9–1.8) | 10.8 (9.5–12.3) | 0.6 (0.5–0.8) |
| Education level | p = .0829 | p = .1567 | p = .0003 | |||
| High school or less | 14.4 (12.4–16.7) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 5.0 (3.7–6.7) | 1.1 (0.8–1.6) | 14.4 (12.8–16.1) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) |
| Some college | 12.4 (10.0–15.3) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | 6.2 (4.5–8.5) | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) | 15.1 (13.3–17.2) | 1.2 (0.9–1.4) |
| College 4+ years | 10.6 (8.3–13.5) | 1.0 (reference) | 4.3 (3.6–5.0) | 1.0 (reference) | 10.7 (9.2–12.3) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Household income | p = .0001 | p = .0998 | p < .0001 | |||
| <$15,000 | 17.9 (15.0–21.3) | 2.0 (1.2–3.2) | 8.0 (5.4–11.7) | 1.9 (1.2–2.9) | 23.8 (20.4–27.5) | 2.5 (1.8–3.3) |
| $15,000–$24,999 | 15.5 (12.6–19.0) | 1.7 (1.0–2.9) | 4.2 (2.8–6.3) | 0.9 (0.6–1.5) | 16.5 (14.1–19.4) | 1.7 (1.3–2.4) |
| $25,000–$49,999 | 11.9 (9.3–15.1) | 1.5 (0.9–2.4) | 3.8 (2.8–5.3) | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 12.8 (11.0–14.8) | 1.3 (1.0–1.8) |
| $50,000–$74,999 | 9.8 (6.8–14.0) | 1.4 (0.8–2.3) | 6.4 (4.5–8.9) | 1.3 (0.9–2.0) | 9.9 (7.8–12.5) | 1.1 (0.8–1.6) |
| ≥$75,000 | 7.8 (5.3–11.3) | 1.0 (reference) | 4.6 (3.7–5.7) | 1.0 (reference) | 9.0 (7.2–11.2) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Body mass index | p = .0566 | p = .0002 | p < .0001 | |||
| Obese | 15.2 (12.9–17.7) | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 9.2 (7.1–11.9) | 2.1 (1.5–2.8) | 18.8 (16.9–20.8) | 1.5 (1.3–1.8) |
| Non-obese | 12.2 (10.5–14.2) | 1.0 (reference) | 4.4 (3.7–5.1) | 1.0 (reference) | 11.1 (10.0–12.4) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Smoking status | p = 0.0135 | p = .4956 | p = .0111 | |||
| Current smoker | 15.9 (13.2–19.0) | 1.3 (1.01–1.8) | 5.1 (3.2–7.9) | 1.1 (0.7–1.7) | 16.3 (14.2–18.6) | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) |
| Former smoker | 13.1 (11.0–15.6) | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) | 5.9 (4.3–7.9) | 1.1 (0.8–1.6) | 12.5 (10.8–14.6) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) |
| Non-smoker | 10.6 (8.7–12.8) | 1.0 (reference) | 4.7 (4.0–5.5) | 1.0 (reference) | 12.5 (11.2–13.8) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Physical activity | p < .0001 | p = .8934 | p < .0001 | |||
| Active | 10.9 (9.5–12.4) | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 4.8 (4.2–5.6) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 11.9 (10.8–13.1) | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) |
| Inactive | 18.5 (15.5–22.0) | 1.0 (reference) | 4.7 (3.6–6.2) | 1.0 (reference) | 18.2 (16.3–20.4) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Health insurance | p = .6644 | p = .0003 | p = .9301 | |||
| Yes | 12.9 (11.5–14.4) | 1.0 (0.8–1.4) | 5.2 (4.5–6.0) | 2.4 (1.4–4.1) | 13.5 (12.5–14.6) | 1.2 (1.0–1.6) |
| No | 13.7 (10.5–17.8) | 1.0 (reference) | 2.4 (1.4–4.1) | 1.0 (reference) | 13.4 (11.0–16.1) | 1.0 (reference) |
Notes:
a
American Indian/ Alaska Native.
b
Prevalence rate ratio (95% confidence interval) adjusted for age, sex, education, income, obesity, smoking, physical activity, and health insurance.
c
P-values for the χ2 test for independence to determine whether there is a significant relationship between two categorical variables.