Table 2. Characteristics of 21 biopsied Lugol’s voiding lesions among patients with head and neck cancers.
| Case | Age | Sex | Location of head and neck carcinoma | Location | WLE | IPCL pattern on dNBI | Cellular findings on pCLE | Vascular findings on pCLE | Histology |
| 1 | 58 | M | Hypopharynx | Middle | Missed | III | Homogeneous, regular architecture, clearly visible border | Regular | Active esophagitis |
| 2 | 70 | M | Glottis | Middle | Missed | III | Homogeneous, regular architecture, clearly visible border | Regular | Glycogenation/inflammation |
| Glottis | Middle | Missed | III | Homogeneous, regular architecture, clearly visible border | Regular | Glycogenation/inflammation | |||
| Glottis | Upper | Missed | III | Homogeneous, regular architecture, clearly visible border | Regular | Glycogenation/ inflammation | |||
| 3 | 71 | M | Hypopharynx | Middle | Missed | III | Homogeneous, regular architecture, clearly visible border | Elongated | Unremarkable change |
| 4 | 66 | F | Oropharynx | Middle | Missed | IV | Inhomogeneous, irregular architecture, blurry border, dark cells | Irregular, elongated and dilated | HGD |
| 5 | 60 | M | Oral cavity | Upper | Detected | IV | Inhomogeneous, irregular architecture, blurry border | Elongated and dilated | Active esophagitis |
| Upper | Detected | IV | Inhomogeneous, irregular architecture, blurry border | Irregular, elongated, and dilated | Active esophagitis | ||||
| Middle | Detected | IV | Inhomogeneous, irregular architecture, blurry border | Irregular and dilated | Active esophagitis | ||||
| Middle | Detected | IV | Inhomogeneous, irregular architecture, blurry border, dark cells | Irregular | Active ulcer | ||||
| Lower | Detected | IV | Homogeneous, regular architecture, clearly visible border, dark cells | Irregular, elongated, and dilated | HGD | ||||
| 6 | 58 | M | Oral cavity | Upper | Detected | III | Homogeneous, regular architecture, clearly visible border, columnar cells | Regular | Inlet patch |
| 7 | 60 | M | Glottic | Lower | Missed | III | Homogeneous (poor image quality) | Dilated | LGD |
| 8 | 63 | M | Supraglottic | Middle | Detected | IV | Inhomogeneous, irregular architecture, blurry border, dark cells | Irregular, elongated and dilated | LGD |
| Middle | Detected | IV | Inhomogeneous, irregular architecture, blurry border, dark cells | Irregular, elongated and dilated | HGD | ||||
| Lower | Missed | IV | Homogeneous, irregular architecture, blurry border, dark cells | Irregular | LGD | ||||
| Lower | Missed | IV | Homogeneous, irregular architecture, clearly visible border | Irregular, elongated and dilated | Unremarkable change | ||||
| 9 | 59 | M | Pyriform | Middle | Missed | IV | Inhomogeneous, irregular architecture, blurry border, dark cells | Irregular, elongated | HGD |
| 10 | 65 | M | Hard palate | Lower | Missed | III | Inhomogeneous, irregular architecture, blurry border, dark cells | Regular | Active esophagitis |
| 11 | 64 | M | Oropharynx | Lower | Missed | N/A | Homogeneous (poor image quality) | Regular (poor image quality) | Unremarkable change |
| 12 | 73 | M | Tonsil | Lower | Missed | III | Homogeneous, irregular architecture, clearly visible border | Regular | Active esophagitis |
WLE, white light endoscopy; IPCL, intrapapillary capillary loop; dNBI, dual focus narrow-band imaging; pCLE, probed-based confocal laser endomicroscopy; HGD, high grade dysplasia; LGD, low grade dysplasia.