Table 4.
Clinical and angiographic characteristics of the study patients, classified according to initial crossing strategy.
| Variable | Antegrade wire escalation (n=687) | Antegrade dissection/re-entry (n=149) | Retrograde (n=200) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Previous CABG (%) | 30 | 33 | 50 | <0.001 |
|
| ||||
| Previous PCI (%) | 65 | 66 | 72 | 0.175 |
|
| ||||
| CTO target vessel | ||||
| RCA (%) | 53 | 70 | 70 | <0.001 |
| LCX (%) | 21 | 9 | 17 | |
| LAD (%) | 26 | 21 | 13 | |
|
| ||||
| Moderate/severe calcification (%) | 53 | 50 | 67 | 0.001 |
|
| ||||
| Moderate/severe tortuosity (%) | 33 | 27 | 38 | 0.113 |
|
| ||||
| Prior failed attempt (%) | 13 | 22 | 24 | <0.001 |
|
| ||||
| In-stent restenosis (%) | 13 | 19 | 9 | 0.023 |
|
| ||||
| J-CTO score* | 2.2±1.2 | 2.6±1.2 | 3.3±0.9 | <0.001 |
*
mean ± standard deviation
CABG, Coronary artery bypass graft surgery; CTO, chronic total occlusion; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LCX, left circumflex artery; MI, myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; RCA, right coronary artery.