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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Cell Biol. 2015 Jun 1;25(9):514–522. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2015.05.003

Figure 1. Physiological roles of R-loops in cells.

Figure 1

R-loops are involved in bacterial and mitochondrial DNA replication, class-switch recombination, gene expression, and DNA repair. G4 quadruplexes are proposed to form on the non-template strand.