Table 2.
Fully adjusted linear regressions examining the association between the dietary phylloquinone intake (independent variable) and the MMSE and FBRS scores * (dependent variables), adjusted for potential confounders (n = 192).
| Neuropsychiatric Measures | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MMSE Score | FBRS Score | |||||
| β | (95% CI) | p-value | β | (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Log dietary phylloquinone intake | 1.66 | (0.36; 2.95) | 0.013 | −0.33 | (−0.63; −0.02) | 0.037 |
| Age | −0.22 | (−0.39; −0.06) | 0.009 | 0.02 | (−0.03; 0.06) | 0.450 |
| Female gender | −0.63 | (−2.46; 1.19) | 0.492 | −0.01 | (−0.47; 0.44) | 0.953 |
| Social problems | 2.75 | (−0.31; 5.82) | 0.078 | 0.10 | (−0.63; 0.83) | 0.792 |
| High education level † | 2.52 | (0.27; 4.77) | 0.029 | −0.11 | (−0.67; 0.45) | 0.691 |
| Body mass index | 0.02 | (−0.18; 0.23) | 0.842 | 0.02 | (−0.04; 0.07) | 0.561 |
| CIRS-G score | −0.14 | (−0.41; 0.13) | 0.312 | 0.03 | (−0.04; 0.09) | 0.441 |
| History of stroke | −1.56 | (−4.26; 1.13) | 0.253 | 0.38 | (−0.27; 1.02) | 0.248 |
| Use of vitamin K antagonists | −0.07 | (−2.69; 2.56) | 0.628 | −0.10 | (−0.75; 0.56) | 0.773 |
| Low dietary intake of fatty fish and eggs ‡ | −0.09 | (−2.83; 2.65) | 0.948 | 0.63 | (−0.06; 1.31) | 0.072 |
| TSH concentration | 0.76 | (0.02; 1.49) | 0.044 | 0.06 | (−0.13; 0.24) | 0.556 |
| Vitamin B12 concentration | −0.00 | (−0.01; 0.00) | 0.513 | 0.00 | (0.00; 0.00) | 0.281 |
| Albumin concentration | 0.24 | (0.04; 0.43) | 0.018 | 0.01 | (−0.04; 0.06) | 0.698 |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate | −0.02 | (−0.07; 0.04) | 0.567 | −0.01 | (−0.02; 0.01) | 0.242 |
β: coefficient of regression corresponding to a change of cognitive score; CI: confidence interval; CIRS-G: Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics; FBRS: Frontotemporal Behavioral Rating Scale; MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination; TSH: Thyroid Stimulating Hormone; *: Separate models were used for each dependent variable; †: Elementary School Recognition Certificate passed; ‡: Answer “No” to the question “Do you eat fatty fish at least once a week and/or eggs several times per week?”; β significant (i.e., p < 0.05) indicated in bold.