Table 3.
Unstandardized estimates for Univariate Multilevel Latent Growth Models of math fluency for the total sample and for the grades separately
| Intercept | Slope | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Math domain | mean | variance | mean | variance |
| Addition | ||||
| Overall model | 22.98*** | 37.11*** | 1.18*** | 1.02 |
| Grade 2 | 16.15*** | 15.36*** | 1.21*** | 2.83*** |
| Grade 3 | 19.89*** | 19.04*** | 1.23*** | 2.75*** |
| Grade 4 | 23.32*** | 17.59*** | 1.43*** | 1.21* |
| Grade 5 | 26.26*** | 17.99*** | 1.13*** | 0 |
| Grade 6 | 28.65*** | 16.33*** | 0.90*** | 0.70 |
| Subtraction | ||||
| Overall model | 20.24*** | 40.03*** | 1.09*** | 1.17* |
| Grade 2 | 13.46*** | 17.22*** | 1.50*** | 1.53*** |
| Grade 3 | 17.64*** | 21.98*** | 1.21*** | 1.47*** |
| Grade 4 | 20.45*** | 20.58*** | 1.10*** | 0.29 |
| Grade 5 | 23.30*** | 21.13*** | 1.11*** | 0.34 |
| Grade 6 | 25.90*** | 22.49*** | 0.56*** | 0 |
| Multiplication | ||||
| Overall model | 21.30*** | 37.82*** | 0.85*** | 1.43* |
| Grade 3 | 17.61*** | 18.38*** | 1.28*** | 1.63*** |
| Grade 4 | 20.45*** | 22.87*** | 0.86*** | 1.20* |
| Grade 5 | 23.11*** | 26.25*** | 0.82*** | 0.92 |
| Grade 6 | 25.74*** | 29.52*** | 0.47*** | 0.49 |
| Division | ||||
| Overall model | 15.91*** | 57.82*** | 1.51*** | 2.06* |
| Grade 3 | 10.22*** | 23.25*** | 2.08*** | 3.45*** |
| Grade 4 | 14.60*** | 31.81*** | 1.68*** | 2.14** |
| Grade 5 | 18.11*** | 37.97*** | 1.56*** | 2.10** |
| Grade 6 | 21.86*** | 48.51*** | 0.86*** | 0.98 |
*** p < .001, ** p < .01, * p < .05