Table 2.
Ordinary least square (OLS) regression estimation of individual Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) scores (n = 1,268).
| Model 1 | Model 2 | |
|---|---|---|
| Individual characteristics | ||
| Age 20–29 (reference group) | — | — |
| — | — | |
| Age 30–39 | 0.402 | 0.402 |
| (0.718) | (0.700) | |
| Age 40–49 | 1.571 | 1.631 * |
| (0.782) | (0.768) | |
| Age 50–59 | 0.225 | 0.270 |
| (1.051) | (1.043) | |
| Age 60–69 | 0.242 | 0.374 |
| (0.979) | (0.863) | |
| Gender (female) | 0.395 | 0.450 |
| (0.208) | (0.216) | |
| Marital status (married) | 0.099 | 0.010 |
| (0.245) | (0.230) | |
| Ethnicity (ethnic minority) | 4.515 *** | 0.391 |
| (0.795) | (0.730) | |
| Education (years) | −0.095 | −0.108 |
| (0.057) | (0.060) | |
| Education (years) x Ethnicity (ethnic minority) | 0.374 *** | |
| (0.079) | ||
| Occupation (professional/managerial) | −0.311 | −0.195 |
| (0.276) | (0.339) | |
| Occupation (professional/managerial) x Ethnicity (ethnic minority) | −3.778 *** | |
| (0.795) | ||
| Homeowner | 0.783 | 0.835 |
| (0.603) | (0.619) | |
| Urban hukou | −1.063 | −1.111 |
| (0.636) | (0.664) | |
| Non-local hukou | −0.621 | −0.508 |
| (0.651) | (0.606) | |
| County-level urbanization measure | ||
| Population density (natural logarithm) | 1.381 *** | 1.379 *** |
| (0.314) | (0.321) | |
| Constant | −2.904 | −2.815 |
| (2.419) | (2.481) | |
| Wald F statistics | 14.34 (13,19) | 49.78 (15,19) |
Notes: Survey design effects (strata, clusters, and individual weights) are adjusted in the model estimations. Coefficients are reported; standard errors in parentheses; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.