Table 2.
Current smokers’ reported exposure to POS tobacco displays and advertising.
| Exposure | Malaysia | Thailand | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| W1 n = 2004 ^ | W2 n = 1550 | W3 n = 1846 | W4 n = 1888 | W5 n = 1773 | W1 n = 2000 | W2 n = 1866 | W3 n = 2163 | W4 n = 1907 | W5 n = 1706 | |
| Noticed cigarette displays in shops (% yes) | N.A | 82.7 | 89.6 | 85.8 | 90.3 | N.A | 16.9 | 20.3 | 20.5 | 29.1 |
| Wave difference: OR ! | Ref. | 1.72 *** | 1.04 | 1.44 *** | Ref. | 1.22 ** | 1.21 ** | 1.80 *** | ||
| - Younger:older # | 86.6:79.4 *** | 93.3:85.9 *** | 87.1:83.6 | 92.9:81.4 *** | 21.1:15.2 ** | 24.6:18.3 ** | 23.9:18.9 * | 35.4:25.9 *** | ||
| - Urban:rural # | 85.9:77.8 *** | 91.8:86.2 *** | 85.9:86 | 91.1:88.8 | 18.3:16.2 | 18.6:21.1 | 19.8:21.1 | 31.9:26.6 * | ||
| - Malaysia only, f2f:phone ## | 83.1:82.1 | 86.1:92.6 *** | ||||||||
| - Thailand only, 1Bangkok:2other urban:3rural | 19.4:17.9:16.2 | 13.6:20.6:21.3 * | 21.4:19.1:21.0 | 37.2:28.7:26.6 ** | ||||||
| Noticed tob ads in stores (% yes) | 55.4 | 58.5 | 27.9 | 26.7 | 45.1 | 3.8 | 7.6 | 2.7 | 10.8 | 9.2 |
| Wave difference: OR | Ref. | 1.06 | 0.30 *** | 0.28 *** | 0.62 *** | Ref. | 2.09 *** | 0.77 | 3.22 *** | 2.48 *** |
| - Younger:older | 59.2:51.7 ** | 59.4:57.2 | 24.1:31.5 ** | 26.1:28 | 47.1:39.3 ** | 4.1:3.6 | 7.8:7.6 | 3.1:2.6 | 11.7:10.4 | 9.8:8.9 |
| - Urban:rural | 51:62.6 *** | 58:59.3 | 22.2:36.9 *** | 25.3:28.9 | 43.4:47.9 | 4.6:3.5 | 6.3:8.3 * | 1.4:3.4 ** | 8.9:12.4 * | 8.6:9.7 |
| - Malaysia only, f2f *:Phone | 59.9:55.8 | 47.9:11.3 *** | ||||||||
| - Thailand only, 1Bangkok:2other urban:3rural | 7.2:3.3:3.4 * | 6.4:6.3:8.3 | 0:2.1:3.4 * | 7.4:9.6:12.4 * | 10.2:7.7:9.7 | |||||
| Noticed tob ads around street vendors (% yes) | 47.2 | 43.6 | 23.2 | 16.4 | 29.1 | 7.1 | 9.6 | 4.2 | 7.8 | 10.4 |
| Wave difference: OR | Ref. | 0.83 ** | 0.34 *** | 0.22 *** | 0.47 *** | Ref. | 1.40 ** | 0.67 ** | 1.24 | 1.58 *** |
| - Younger:older | 51.2:43.3 ** | 42.7:43.6 | 19.7:26.8 *** | 15.7:18.2 | 29.4:28.1 | 4.9:8 * | 7.4:10.6 * | 2.7:4.8 * | 6.6:8.4 | 10.3:10.4 |
| - Urban:rural | 44.8:51.2 ** | 44.2:42.7 | 20.5:27.6 * | 15.7:17.5 | 28.5:30.1 | 2.3:9.1 *** | 5.1:12.1 *** | 1.2:5.7 *** | 5.4:9.8 *** | 8.8:11.8 * |
| - Malaysia only, f2f:phone | 42.9:44.9 | 34.9:13.5 *** | ||||||||
| - Thailand only, 1Bangkok:2other urban:3rural | 1.4:2.8:9.1 *** | 4.3:5.4:12.1 *** | 0:1.7:5.7 *** | 5.2:5.4:9.8 ** | 12.3:6.7:11.8 ** | |||||
Notes: ^ For some analyses the numbers of cases were fewer than the total, due to some “refused” and “missing” cases. “W” stands for “Wave of survey”. N.A: Not available (not asked at the specific survey wave). ! OR: Odds ratio; generalized estimating equations modelling results, controlled for demographics. Ref: reference value. * Significant at p < 0.05; ** at p < 0.01; *** at p < 0.001. # Younger: 18–39 years old; older: 40+ years; chi square tests were used. ## “f2f”: Face to face interview mode; “phone”: telephone interview. All surveys in Thailand were conducted through face to face interviews. In Malaysia, mix methods were used for Waves 2 and 3; Wave 1 surveys were all conducted by face to face interviews; Wave 4 all by phone and Wave 5 all by computer assisted telephone interview.