TABLE 6.

Injury Mechanism in Ice Hockey Players^a

	Age or Level	Mechanism of Injury
		Player Contact	Ice	Boards	Stick	Puck	Skate	Goal	Noncontact
Men’s studies
Stuart et al (1995)33	9-14 y	21	7	29	7	14	7	—	14
Björkenheim et al (1993)5	9-18 y	44	—	5	23	25	—	—	—
Gerberich et al (1987)15	14-18 y	34.8	8	19.8	—	7.5	—	19.8	4.8
Park and Castaldi (1980)24	15-19 y	48	—	—	12	17	—	—	—
Hastings et al (1974)17	15-21 y	12	11	17	41	11	3	—	—
Pinto et al (1999)26	16-20 y	12.2	12.2	—	16.2	8.1	2.7	—	13.5
Stuart and Smith (1995)31	17-20 y	24	—	22	14	11	3	—	6
Hayes (1975)18	College	38	14	—	29	3	15	—	—
Rielly (1982)27	College	43.3	—	—	14.4	—	27	—	9.6
Flik et al (2005)14	College	36.3	6	18.6	1.8	3.5	6.2	2.7	9
Agel et al (2007)2	College	44.7	37.6						—
Pelletier et al (1993)25	College	97.9							2.2
Schick and Meeuwisse (2003)30	College	38.37	—	38.05	12.79	—	12.79		21
Rishiraj et al (2009)28	College	0.89b	0.95b		0.56b			—	1.30b
McKnight et al. (1992)22	College	4.20b		1.97b	0.58b	—	0.99b	0.11b	—
Women’s studies
Decloe et al (2013)10	9-17 y	58	15						20
Schick and Meeuwisse (2003)30	College	48.39	—	41.94	—	—	9.68		4
Agel et al (2007)1	College	37.20	39.40						22.60

^aMechanism of injury expressed as percentages unless otherwise indicated. A dash indicates this mechanism was not reported in the study; values in shaded areas are shared by multiple injury mechanisms as shown.

^bPer 1000 athlete-exposures.