TABLE 4.
Comparison of ImPACT Scores in MLL Players to Age- and Sex-Normalized Dataa
| ImPACT Score | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Verbal Memory | Visual Memory | Processing Speed | Reaction Time, s | Impulse Control | Total Symptom Score | |
| Total MLL sample (N = 235) | ||||||
| Age 20-29 y (n = 212) | 85.9 ± 10.0 | 75.0 ± 13.4 | 38.9 ± 6.4 | 0.62 ± 0.10 | 4.0 ± 3.2 | 1.7 ± 5.0 |
| Age-normalized percentileb | 56th | 48th | 40th | 22nd (age, 19-25 y) | ||
| 31st (age, 26-29 y) | ||||||
| Age 30-39 y (n = 23) | 80.7 ± 10.6 | 69.7 ± 12.6 | 36.2 ± 4.8 | 0.64 ± 0.10 | 3.6 ± 3.0 | 0.2 ± 0.8 |
| Age-normalized percentileb | 44th | 42nd | 38th | 29th | ||
| MLL athletes with no history of concussion (n = 141) | ||||||
| Age 20-29 y (n = 129) | 87.1 ± 9.6 | 75.7 ± 13.3 | 38.8 ± 5.9 | 0.62 ± 0.09 | 4.1 ± 3.3 | 1.2 ± 3.6 |
| Age-normalized percentileb | 59th | 52nd | 40th | 22nd (age, 19-25 y) | ||
| 31st (age, 26-29 y) | ||||||
| Age 30-39 y (n = 12) | 84.1 ± 8.6 | 74.8 ± 11.0 | 36.7 ± 6.3 | 0.62 ± 0.11 | 2.7 ± 1.4 | 0 |
| Age-normalized percentileb | 57th | 59th | 40th | 38th | ||
| MLL athletes with history of concussion (n = 94) | ||||||
| Age 20-29 y (n = 83) | 84.1 ± 10.5 | 73.9 ± 13.7 | 39.0 ± 7.2 | 0.62 ± 0.10 | 4.0 ± 3.0 | 2.7 ± 6.5 |
| Age-normalized percentileb | 48th | 44th | 40th | 22nd (age, 19-25 y) | ||
| 31st (age, 26-29 y) | ||||||
| Age 30-39 y (n = 11) | 76.9 ± 11.7 | 64.2 ± 12.4 | 35.7 ± 2.6 | 0.66 ± 0.10 | 4.5 ± 3.9 | 0.4 ± 1.2 |
| Age-normalized percentileb | 29th | 26th | 34th | 23rd | ||
aData are reported for the entire sample as well as by reported concussion status (ie, players with and without a reported history of concussion). Values are reported as mean ± SD or as age- and sex-normalized percentiles based on published ImPACT normative data.21 ImPACT, Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing; MLL, Major League Lacrosse.
bDerived from Lovell and Solomon.23