Table 1.
Baseline characteristics.
| Total | 29 |
|---|---|
| Age, y | 67±12 |
| Male, n | 18(62%) |
| CRTD, n | 25(86%) |
| Upgrade, n | 6(20%) |
| Ischemic cardiomyopathy, n | 9(31%) |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 97±16 |
| Resting heart rate, bpm | 82±15 |
| Intravenous inotropic agents, n | 19(65%) |
| Intravenous vasodilator agents, n | 13(45%) |
| Prior IABP, n | 6(20%) |
| Chronic atrial fibrillation, n | 5(17%) |
| Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, n | 10(35%) |
| AV node ablation, n | 7(24%) |
| LVEF, % | 23±6 |
| LVEDV, mL | 195±77 |
| LVESV, mL | 151±64 |
| LV radial dyssynchrony, ms | 240±94 |
| MR, degree | 1.8±1.1 |
| LBBB | 13(45%) |
| QRS width, ms | 164±33 |
| Medication, n | |
| β-blocker | 14(48%) |
| ACE-I/ARB | 17(58%) |
| Diuretics | 25(86%) |
| Spironolactone | 19(65%) |
| Digitalis | 5(17%) |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 11.0±2.0 |
| Creatinine >1.5 mg/dL, n | 12(42%) |
| Hemodialysis | 2(6%) |
| Sodium, mmol/L | 135±4 |
| Albumin, g/dL | 3.2±0.4 |
| BNP, pg/mL | 1299±808 |
CRTD, cardiac resynchronization therapy combined with an implantable defibrillator; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pumping; AV node ablation, atrio-ventricular node ablation; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVEDV, left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVESV, left ventricular end-systolic volume; MR, mitral regurgiation; LBBB, left bundle branch block; ACE-I, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide.