Table 2. Association of risk factors with CMV-QFT reactivity vs. non-reactivity among CMV-IgG-seropositive individuals.
| CMV-QFT results | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All subjects | Reactive | Non-reactive or indeterminate | P value | ||||
| No. of subjects | 141 | 118 | 23 | ||||
| Demographics | |||||||
| Mean age (years) | 43.4 ±10.5 | 43.9 ±10.7 | 40.8 ±9.1 | 0.19 | |||
| Male sex | 103 | (73%) | 89 | (75%) | 14 | (61%) | 0.15 |
| Country of birth | |||||||
| Western Europe | 89 | (63%) | 77 | (65%) | 12 | (52%) | |
| Eastern Europe | 24 | (17%) | 22 | (19%) | 2 | (9%) | |
| Africa | 19 | (13%) | 12 | (10%) | 7 | (30%) | 0.047 |
| Other | 9 | (6%) | 7 | (6%) | 2 | (9%) | |
| Smoking | 77 | (55%) | 63 | (53%) | 14 | (61%) | 0.51 |
| HIV-1-related factors | |||||||
| Mode of infection with HIV-1 | |||||||
| Heterosexual contact | 50 | (35%) | 39 | (33%) | 11 | (48%) | 0.626 |
| MSM | 49 | (35%) | 43 | (36%) | 6 | (26%) | |
| IVDU | 38 | (27%) | 32 | (27%) | 6 | (26%) | |
| Transfusion/unknown | 4 | (3%) | 4 | (4%) | 0 | (0%) | |
| Mean CD4+ T cell count (cells/μL) | 173 ± 104 | 183 ± 102 | 126 ± 104 | 0.015 | |||
| CD4+ T cell count by strata | |||||||
| < 50 cells/μL | 23 | (16%) | 15 | (13%) | 8 | (35%) | |
| 50–200 cells/μL | 63 | (45%) | 53 | (45%) | 10 | (43%) | |
| > 200 cells/μL | 55 | (39%) | 50 | (42%) | 5 | (22%) | |
| Mean CD8+ T cell count (cells/μL) | 641 ± 600 | 672 ± 589 | 564 ± 588 | 0.161 | |||
| Mean CD4+/CD8+ ratio | 0.223 ± 0.264 | 0.224 ± 0.239 | 0.116 ± 0.259 | 0.087 | |||
| Mean CD4+ T cell count nadir (cells/μL) | 58 ± 114 | 60 ± 112 | 56 ± 106 | 0.674 | |||
| Mean HIV-1 RNA (log10 copies/ml) | 1.86 ± 4.54 | 1.74 ± 3.77 | 2.85 ± 5.32 | 0.147 | |||
| HIV-1 RNA < 20 copies/mL | 49 | (30%) | 42 | (36%) | 7 | (30%) | 0.811 |
| Previous AIDS defining manifestation | 53 | (38%) | 42 | (36%) | 11 | (48%) | 0.811 |
| CMV-related parameters | |||||||
| IgM seropositive | 3 | (2%) | 3 | (3%) | 0 | (0%) | 0.584 |
| CMV DNA | 0 (132) | 0 (89) | 0 (567) | 0.158 | |||
| CMV DNA > 100 copies/mL | 38 | (27%) | 27 | (23%) | 11 | (48%) | 0.02 |
| CMV DNA > 1000 copies/mL | 14 | (9%) | 12 | (10%) | 2 | (9%) | 1 |
ART = antiretroviral therapy; CDC = Center for Diseases Control and Prevention; CMV = cytomegalovirus; HIV-1 = human immunodeficiency virus type 1; IVDU = intravenous drug use; MSM = men who have sex with men