Table 3.

Summary hazard ratios for lung cancer mortality by level of consumption of vegetables and fruit among never smokers

		Number of cases	Men		Number of cases	Women
			Summary hazard ratio (95% CI)			Summary hazard ratio (95% CI)
			Age and area-adjusted	Multivariate-adjusted†		Age and area-adjusted	Multivariate-adjusted†
Fruit	Q1	96	1.00	1.00	62	1.00	1.00
	Q2	97	1.14 (0.53–2.45)	1.11 (0.51–2.40)	50	0.79 (0.54–1.16)	0.79 (0.54–1.15)
	Q3	81	0.89 (0.41–1.96)	0.90 (0.41–1.97)	66	1.09 (0.77–1.55)	1.08 (0.76–1.53)
	Q4	89	0.88 (0.40–1.92)	0.89 (0.41–1.94)	69	1.11 (0.78–1.57)	1.09 (0.77–1.55)
	Q5	112	1.00 (0.47–2.15)	1.00 (0.47–2.16)	64	1.05 (0.73–1.50)	1.05 (0.74–1.51)
	Trend P		0.737	0.748		0.252	0.248
Vegetables and fruit	Q1	91	1.00	1.00	60	1.00	1.00
	Q2	91	1.00 (0.48–2.09)	1.01 (0.48–2.11)	51	0.91 (0.63–1.33)	0.91 (0.62–1.33)
	Q3	80	0.35 (0.13–0.92)	0.35 (0.13–0.93)	57	1.03 (0.71–1.49)	1.02 (0.70–1.48)
	Q4	108	0.91 (0.44–1.87)	0.93 (0.45–1.91)	81	1.37 (0.97–1.93)	1.36 (0.96–1.92)
	Q5	105	0.74 (0.36–1.52)	0.74 (0.36–1.53)	62	1.00 (0.69–1.44)	1.00 (0.69–1.44)
	Trend P		0.980	0.998		0.312	0.319
Green–yellow vegetables	Q1	90	1.00	1.00	52	1.00	1.00
	Q2	82	1.33 (0.56–3.19)	1.36 (0.57–3.26)	63	1.30 (0.89–1.88)	1.29 (0.89–1.88)
	Q3	101	1.06 (0.43–2.63)	1.10 (0.44–2.72)	66	1.25 (0.86–1.81)	1.23 (0.85–1.80)
	Q4	101	1.51 (0.68–3.39)	1.57 (0.70–3.52)	57	1.08 (0.74–1.59)	1.07 (0.73–1.58)
	Q5	101	1.11 (0.49–2.54)	1.12 (0.49–2.54)	73	1.27 (0.88–1.84)	1.27 (0.88–1.84)
	Trend P		0.690	0.678		0.491	0.505
Vegetables	Q1	88	1.00	1.00	55	1.00	1.00
	Q2	91	0.88 (0.41–1.92)	0.90 (0.41–1.95)	67	1.23 (0.86–1.77)	1.23 (0.85–1.76)
	Q3	91	1.06 (0.51–2.21)	1.08 (0.52–2.25)	55	1.00 (0.69–1.46)	0.99 (0.68–1.45)
	Q4	97	0.58 (0.24–1.37)	0.59 (0.25–1.40)	66	1.11 (0.77–1.59)	1.10 (0.76–1.58)
	Q5	108	0.97 (0.49–1.90)	0.96 (0.49–1.89)	68	1.08 (0.75–1.55)	1.08 (0.75–1.55)
	Trend P		0.681	0.651		0.950	0.961

^†Adjusted for age, area and intake of total energy. CI, confidence interval; Q1–Q5, quintiles 1–5.