Table 5.

Summary hazard ratios for lung cancer incidence by level of consumption of vegetables and fruit

		Number of cases	Men		Number of cases	Women
			Summary hazard ratio (95% CI)			Summary hazard ratio (95% CI)
			Age and area-adjusted	Multivariate-adjusted†		Age and area-adjusted	Multivariate-adjusted†
Fruit	Q1	301	1.00	1.00	90	1.00	1.00
	Q2	254	0.83 (0.70–0.98)	0.89 (0.75–1.06)	87	0.98 (0.73–1.31)	1.02 (0.75–1.37)
	Q3	233	0.75 (0.63–0.89)	0.83 (0.70–0.98)	96	1.06 (0.79–1.43)	1.13 (0.84–1.52)
	Q4	248	0.76 (0.64–0.90)	0.89 (0.75–1.05)	78	0.84 (0.62–1.15)	0.89 (0.65–1.22)
	Q5	264	0.77 (0.65–0.91)	0.96 (0.81–1.14)	91	0.99 (0.74–1.34)	1.04 (0.77–1.41)
	Trend P		0.001	0.589		0.714	0.944
Vegetables and fruit	Q1	253	1.00	1.00	86	1.00	1.00
	Q2	264	1.00 (0.84–1.19)	1.07 (0.90–1.28)	92	1.07 (0.79–1.44)	1.11 (0.82–1.49)
	Q3	237	0.85 (0.71–1.02)	0.95 (0.79–1.14)	80	0.90 (0.66–1.23)	0.94 (0.69–1.28)
	Q4	278	0.95 (0.80–1.12)	1.12 (0.94–1.33)	92	1.01 (0.75–1.37)	1.07 (0.80–1.45)
	Q5	268	0.88 (0.74–1.05)	1.07 (0.90–1.28)	92	1.00 (0.74–1.35)	1.04 (0.77–1.41)
	Trend P		0.123	0.354		0.897	0.866
Green–yellow vegetables	Q1	253	1.00	1.00	83	1.00	1.00
	Q2	235	0.92 (0.77–1.10)	0.98 (0.82–1.18)	81	1.00 (0.74–1.37)	1.04 (0.76–1.41)
	Q3	244	0.91 (0.77–1.09)	1.00 (0.84–1.19)	94	1.13 (0.84–1.52)	1.17 (0.87–1.58)
	Q4	279	0.97 (0.82–1.15)	1.09 (0.92–1.29)	81	0.94 (0.69–1.28)	0.98 (0.72–1.34)
	Q5	289	0.93 (0.78–1.10)	1.10 (0.93–1.31)	103	1.15 (0.85–1.54)	1.20 (0.89–1.61)
	Trend P		0.645	0.122		0.497	0.323
Vegetables	Q1	221	1.00	1.00	74	1.00	1.00
	Q2	243	1.07 (0.89–1.29)	1.14 (0.95–1.37)	109	1.46 (1.09–1.97)	1.50 (1.12–2.02)
	Q3	275	1.13 (0.95–1.35)	1.21 (1.01–1.45)	77	1.00 (0.72–1.38)	1.03 (0.75–1.42)
	Q4	266	1.05 (0.88–1.26)	1.14 (0.95–1.37)	83	1.04 (0.75–1.42)	1.07 (0.78–1.47)
	Q5	295	1.11 (0.93–1.33)	1.26 (1.05–1.50)	99	1.19 (0.88–1.61)	1.22 (0.90–1.65)
	Trend P		0.335	0.024		0.941	0.955

^†Adjusted for age, area, smoking and intake of total energy. CI, confidence interval; Q1–Q5, quintiles 1–5.