Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics
| Characteristic | All patients (n = 11) |
|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD, years | 48 ± 13 |
| Female sex | 8 (73) |
| Race | |
| White | 5 (45.5) |
| Black | 5 (45.5) |
| Other | 1 (9) |
| Etiology of PAH | |
| Idiopathic | 1 (9) |
| HIV associated | 2 (18) |
| Connective tissue disease associated | 8 (73) |
| Comorbidity | |
| Systemic hypertension | 4 (36) |
| Dyslipidemia | 2 (18) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1 (9) |
| Coronary artery disease | 0 (0) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 1 (9) |
| Obesity | 5 (46) |
| Current tobacco use | 2 (18) |
| Past tobacco use | 3 (27) |
| Interstitial lung disease | 4 (36) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 (9) |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 1 (9) |
| Venous thromboembolism | 3 (27) |
| WHO functional class | |
| Class II | 7 (64) |
| Class III | 4 (37) |
| Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire summary score, mean ± SD | 60.3 ± 19.7 |
| Medication | |
| Phosphodiesterase inhibitor (sildenafil) | 10 (91) |
| Endothelin receptor antagonist (ambrisentan) | 4 (37) |
| Prostacyclin (treprostinil) | 2 (18) |
| Warfarin | 3 (27) |
| Statin | 2 (18) |
| Digitalis | 2 (18) |
| Diuretic | 7 (64) |
| Calcium-channel blocker | 3 (27) |
| Physical examination findings, mean ± SD | |
| Body mass index | 29 ± 7 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 96 ± 19 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 117 ± 17 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 76 ± 14 |
Note
Data are no. (%) of patients, unless otherwise indicated. Body mass index was defined as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; PAH: pulmonary arterial hypertension; SD: standard deviation; WHO: World Health Organization.