Table 2.
Descriptive characteristics on contraceptive method for total sample and by history of physical and sexual marital violence, among currently married, not currently pregnant women aged 15–49 years in South Asia (n = 63 059; Bangladesh n = 3665, India n = 56 357, Nepal n = 3037).a,b
| Contraceptive method | Total sample | No physical marital violence | Physical marital violence | No sexual marital violence | Sexual marital violence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| None | 39.5 (38.8–40.2) | 39.7 (38.8–40.5) | 39.2 (38.1–40.4) | 39.3 (38.5–40.0) | 41.7 (39.6–43.4) |
| Pill | 5.9 (5.8–6.2) | 5.3 (5.0–5.7) | 6.9 (6.4–7.5) | 5.5 (5.1–5.8) | 9.8 (8.6–11.0) |
| IUD | 1.9 (1.7–2.0) | 2.2 (2.0–2.4) | 1.3 (1.0–1.6) | 1.9 (1.8–2.1) | 1.2 (0.8–1.6) |
| Injections | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 0.7 (0.6–0.8) | 1.4 (1.2–1.6) | 0.9 (0.7–1.0) | 1.8 (1.3–2.2) |
| Condom | 5.7 (5.4–5.9) | 6.6 (6.2–6.9) | 3.9 (3.5–4.3) | 5.8 (5.5–6.1) | 4.5 (3.7–5.3) |
| Female Sterilization | 36.3 (35.6–37.0) | 35.5 (34.6–36.3) | 37.9 (36.7–39.1) | 37.1 (36.3–37.8) | 29.5 (27.7–31.3) |
| Male sterilization | 1.1 (0.9–1.2) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 1.1 (0.9–1.2) | 1.1 (0.7–1.4) |
| Periodic abstinence | 5.4 (5.1–5.7) | 5.6 (5.2–6.0) | 5.0 (4.5–5.5) | 5.4 (5.1–5.7) | 5.3 (4.4–6.3) |
| Withdrawal | 2.9 (2.6–3.1) | 3.1 (2.8–3.3) | 2.5 (2.1–2.8) | 2.7 (2.5–2.9) | 4.2 (3.4–5.0) |
| Bangladesh | |||||
| None | 39.6 (37.5–41.7) | 43.7 (40.8–46.6) | 35.2 (32.3–38.0) | 40.1 (37.8–42.4) | 36.9 (31.9–41.8) |
| Pill | 30.0 (27.9–32,0) | 28.5 (25.8–31.2) | 31.5 (28.5–34.4) | 28.9 (26.8–31.0) | 34.7 (30.4–39.1) |
| IUD | 1.1 (0.60–1.7) | 0.5 (0.2–0.8) | 1.8 (0.8–2.8) | 1.1 (0.5–1.7) | 1.2 (0.1–2.3) |
| Injections | 7.7 (6.5–8.9) | 6.3 (4.8–7.7) | 9.2 (7.7–10.7) | 7.7 (6.4–8.9) | 7.8 (5.3–10.3) |
| Condom | 4.7 (3.9–5.5) | 6.3 (5.0–7.5) | 3.0 (2.1–3.9) | 5.0 (4.1–5.8) | 3.4 (1.8–5.1) |
| Female Sterilization | 5.9 (4.8–7.0) | 4.2 (3.1–5.3) | 7.6 (5.6–9.7) | 5.9 (4.7–7.2) | 5.7 (3.8–7.5) |
| Male sterilization | 0.6 (0.3–0.9) | 0.3 (0.0–0.6) | 1.0 (0.5–1.5) | 0.6 (0.2–0.9) | 1.0 (0.2–1.9) |
| Periodic abstinence | 5.7 (4.8–6.6) | 5.3 (4.1–6.5) | 6.9 (4.8–7.3) | 5.9 (4.9–7.0) | 4.4 (2.6–6.2) |
| Withdrawal | 3.4 (2.6–4.1) | 3.6 (2.6–4.7) | 3.1 (2.1–4.1) | 3.4 (2.6–4.2) | 3.2 (1.6–4.8) |
| India | |||||
| None | 39.4 (38.7–40.2) | 39.2 (38.4–40.1) | 39.8 (38.6–41.0) | 39.1 (38.3–39.9) | 42.7 (40.4–44.9) |
| Pill | 3.4 (3.1–3.6) | 3.5 (3.2–3.7) | 3.3 (2.9–3.7) | 3.2 (3.0–3.5) | 4.9 (4.0–5.7) |
| IUD | 2.0 (1.8–2.1) | 2.3 (2.1–2.5) | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 2.0 (1.8–2.2) | 1.2 (0.8–1.6) |
| Injections | 0.1 (0.1–0.2) | 0.1 (0.1–0.2) | 0.1 (0.0–0.2) | 0.1 (0.1–0.1) | 0.4 (0.1–0.7) |
| Condom | 5.8 (5.5–6.1) | 6.6 (6.2–7.0) | 4.1 (3.7–4.5) | 5.9 (5.5–6.2) | 4.8 (3.8–5.7) |
| Female sterilization | 39.8 (39.0–40.6) | 38.3 (37.4–39.2) | 42.6 (41.3–44.0) | 40.3 (39.5–41.1) | 34.3 (32.3–36.4) |
| Male sterilization | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) | 1.0 (0.8–1.1) | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) | 1.0 (0.6–1.4) |
| Periodic abstinence | 5.4 (5.1–5.8) | 5.7 (5.3–6.1) | 4.8 (4.3–5.4) | 5.4 (5.1–5.7) | 5.6 (4.5–6.7) |
| Withdrawal | 2.8 (2.6–3.0) | 3.0 (2.7–3.2) | 2.4 (2.0–2.7) | 2.6 (2.4–2.8) | 4.4 (3.5–5.3) |
| Nepal | |||||
| None | 46.7 (43.8–49.6) | 46.9 (43.6–50.1) | 46.1 (40.2–52.0) | 47.8 (44.7–50.9) | 39.8 (33.7–45.9) |
| Pill | 4.1 (3.2–5.0) | 4.3 (3.2–5.4) | 3.3 (1.9–4.7) | 4.3 (3.2–5.3) | 3.0 (1.3–4.6) |
| IUD | 1.5 (0.9–2.2) | 1.5 (0.9–2.2) | 1.5 (0.4–2.7) | 1.4 (0.7–2.1) | 2.2 (0.6–3.8) |
| Injections | 10.7 (9.1–12.2) | 10.7 (9.0–12.3) | 10.6 (7.7–13.5) | 10.6 (9.0–12.3) | 10.9 (6.9–14.8) |
| Condom | 5.1 (4.2–6.0) | 6.1(5.0–7.2) | 1.6 (0.7–2.4) | 5.4 (4.3–6.4) | 3.3 (1.6–4.9) |
| Female sterilization | 14.5 (12.2–16.8) | 12.3 (10.1–14.5) | 21.7 (17.3–26.2) | 12.6 (10.5–14.8) | 25.9 (19.8–32.1) |
| Male sterilization | 9.5 (7.7–11.3) | 9.8 (7.7–11.8) | 8.7 (5.4–12.1) | 10.0 (8.0–12.0) | 6.5 (3.6–9.4) |
| Periodic abstinence | 1.4 (0.9–2.0) | 1.6 (0.9–2.4) | 0.7 (0.1–1.4) | 1.5 (0.9–2.2) | 0.8 (0.0–1.7) |
| Withdrawal | 5.4 (4.2–6.5) | 5.7 (4.4–7.0) | 4.3 (2.2–6.4) | 5.2 (4.0–6.4) | 6.3 (2.9–9.6) |
Abbreviation IUD, intrauterine device.
a
Values given as percentage (95% confidence interval).
b
Methods reported by <1% across all assessed countries were not included in the present table. These methods included diaphragm, foam, implant, female condom, other modern methods, and other methods.