Table 3. Difference in mean retinal vascular caliber and fractal dimension between those with and without hypertension and CKD before and after adjustment for confounders.

Dependent variable	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3		Model 4
	Hypertension Coefficient (95% CI)	P	Hypertension Coefficient (95% CI)	P	Hypertension Coefficient (95% CI)	P	Hypertension Coefficient (95% CI)	P
CRAE	-3.62 (-5.11, -2.14)	<0.001	-3.12 (-4.68, -1.56)	<0.001	-3.06 (-4.78, -1.35)	<0.001	-2.16 (-3.51, -0.81)	0.002
CRVE	-2.26 (-4.44, -0.08)	0.04	-1.54 (-3.82, 0.73)	0.18	-2.13 (-4.63, 0.37)	0.094	0.63 (-1.34, 2.61)	0.53
Fractal Dimension	-0.014 (-0.021, -0.007)	<0.001	-0.006 (-0.013, 0.002)	0.14	-0.006 (-0.014, 0.003)	0.17	NA
	CKD Coefficient (95% CI)	P	CKD Coefficient (95% CI)	P	CKD Coefficient (95% CI)	P	CKD Coefficient (95% CI)	P
CRAE	-0.87 (-2.41, 0.67)	0.26	0.81 (-0.74, 2.37)	0.31	0.72 (-0.86, 2.30)	0.37	-0.12 (-1.37, 1.12)	0.85
CRVE	-0.27 (-2.52, 1.98)	0.81	2.07 (-0.20, 4.34)	0.07	1.98 (-0.32, 4.28)	0.09	1.33 (-0.47, 3.14)	0.15
Fractal Dimension	-0.005 (-0.013, 0.002)	0.16	0.005 (-0.002, 0.013)	0.19	0.005 (-0.003, 0.012)	0.23	NA

Model 1- Unadjusted; model 2: adjusted for age, BMI, smoking status, alcohol, refraction, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease or hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and cerebrovascular accident; model 3: adjusted for model 2 covariates and medications used at a frequency >5% within the cohort (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, aspirin, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, corticosteroids, diuretics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and statins).; model 4: adjusted for model 3 covariates and fellow vessel caliber. CRAE: central retinal arteriolar equivalent; CRVE: central retinal venular equivalent; 95% CI: 95% confidence intervals. NA: not applicable.