Table 4.
Significant associations of extra-articular manifestations
| no tendinitis (n=121) | tendinitis (n=5) | p | |
| axial SpA (n) | 114 (94.2%) | 3 (60%) | 0.041 |
| peripheral SpA (n) | 71 (58.7%) | 5 (100%) | 0.044 |
| dactylitis (n) | 7 (5.8%) | 2 (40%) | 0.041 |
| biologics (n) | 76 (62.8%) | 0 (0%) | 0.009 |
| obesity (n) | 5 (4.1%) | 2 (40%) | 0.025 |
| disease duration (y) | 7 (9) | 1 (3) | 0.016 |
| ESR (mm/h) | 14 (26) | 49 (37) | 0.005 |
| fibrinogen (mg/ dL) | 285 (134) | 411 (199) | 0.011 |
| diagnosis | |||
| AS (n) | 70 (57.9%) | 0 (0%) | 0.030 |
| PsA (n) | 36 (29.8%) | 3 (60%) | |
| UDSpA (n) | 15 (12.4%) | 2 (40%) | |
| type of SpA | |||
| axial SpA (n) | 32 (26.4%) | 1 (20%) | 0.014 |
| peripheral SpA (n) | 7 (5.8%) | 2 (40%) | |
| mixed SpA (n) | 82 (67.8%) | 2 (40%) | |
| no IBD (n=123) | IBD (n=3) | ||
| HLA B27 (n) | 78 (95.1%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 |
| obesity (n) | 6 (4.9%) | 1 (33.3%) | 0.034 |
| osteoporosis (n) | 7 (5.7%) | 1 (33.3%) | 0.042 |
| ESR (mm/ h) | 15 (27) | 43 (-) | 0.015 |
| diagnosis | |||
| AS (n) | 69 (56.1%) | 1 (33.3%) | 0.022 |
| PsA (n) | 39 (31.7%) | 0 (0%) | |
| UDSpA (n) | 15 (12.2%) | 2 (66.7%) | |
| no enthesitis (n=121) | enthesitis (n=5) | ||
| peripheral arthritis (n) | 75 (62%) | 1 (20%) | 0.040 |
| X-ray sacroiliitis (n) | 44 (36.4%) | 4 (80%) | 0.049 |
| NSAIDs (n) | 69 (57%) | 5 (100%) | 0.046 |
| infliximab (n) | 31 (25.6%) | 4 (80%) | 0.021 |
| Notes: | |||
| - scale variables are reported as “median (intequartile range)”, while nominal variables are reported as “frequency (subgroup percentage)”; | |||
| - p values represent the significance of Mann Whitney (scale variables) or χ2 (nominal variables). | |||
| Abbreviations AS = ankylosing spondylitis, ESR = erythrocyte sedimentation rate, HLA = human leukocyte antigen, IBD = inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis), NSAIDs = non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, PsA = psoriatic arthritis, SpA = spondyloarthritis, UDSpA = undifferentiated spondyloarthritis. |