Table 1. Properties and amino acid positions of human PEDF-derived peptides in relation to angiogenesis.

Note: numbering of amino acids corresponds to the full-length human PEDF sequence, i.e. 418 amino acids including the 20-amino-acid signal peptide.

Properties	Positions and references	Cell or animal models used
Binding to PEDF receptor	Residues 44–77 [119,125,213,245], 44–121 [113], 46–70 [125], 78–121 [113,116,213]	Human Y-79, HuBMECs, T24 human urinary bladder carcinoma cells, HUVECs, human PC-3 cells and bovine retina plasma membrane
Binding to extracellular matrix	Residues 44–418 [134]	Not assayed
Neuron differentiation/neurotrophy	Residues 23–381 [6], 32–380 [6], 44–121 [6], 44–229 [6], 44–267 [6], 44–418 [246], 78–121 [113,213,247,248], 98–114 [213]	Human Y-79, embryonic rat motor neurons and human PC-3 cells
Neuroprotection	Residues 78–121 [154,247,249], 82–121 [250]	Human Y-79, embryonic rat motor neurons, diabetic retinal ganglion layer cells, rat organotypic spinal cord culture, mouse hypoxic retinal RGC layer, diabetic/ischaemic mouse inner plexiform layer and quinolinic acid-induced neurotoxicity in rat model
Anti-inflammation	Residues 60–77 [154], 78–121 [71,154], 82–121 [250]	Mouse retinal glial cells, mouse microglia, diabetic mouse vitreous and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse kidney
Anti-angiogenesis/anti-vasopermeability (anti-migration/anti-proliferation)	Residues 36–46 [213], 44–77 [91,212,213,251,252], 46–70 [125], 59–77 [212], 60–77 [154], 63–77 [212], 78–121 [154,253], 90–114 [62], 98–114 [213], 195–418 [254], 387–411 [62], 388–393 [93], 394–400 [93]	HuBMECs, b-FGF-induced corneal angiogenesis model, corneal micropocket assay, DIVAA, HUVECs, BRCEC, murine endothelial cells SVEC-4-10, mouse cornea, Akita mouse retina, matrigel plug assay on nude mouse, mouse corneal angiogenesis, PC-3 prostate cancer xenografts, Renca RCC exograft, VEGF-induced retinal vascular permeability mouse model, chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane model OIR mouse model and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization rat model
Pro-apoptosis (in endothelial cells and tumour cells)	Residues 36–46 [213], 44–77 [212,213,245,251], 46–70 [125], 54–77 [212], 59–77 [212], 78–121 [213], 98–114 [213]	HuBMECs, bFGF-induced corneal angiogenesis model, BRCEC, human microvascular EC, T24 human urinary bladder carcinoma cells, HUVECs, mouse cornea, PC-3 cells, PC-3 prostate tumor xenograft and Renca RCC exograft