Table 3.
DALYs due to local transport in the study area.
| Factor group | Factor and health effect | DALYs | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Air pollution | PM2.5: natural mortality | 16,994 | 67 |
| PM2.5: chronic bronchitis (COPD) | 577 | 2 | |
| PM2.5: restricted activity days (RAD) | 138 | 1 | |
| PM2.5: LRS symptoms days (school children) | 35 | 0 | |
| PM2.5: LRS symptoms days (adult) | 80 | 0 | |
| PM2.5–10: LRS symptoms days (school children) | 107 | 0 | |
| PM2.5–10: LRS symptoms days (adult) | 246 | 1 | |
| PM2.5–10: chronic bronchitis (COPD) | 1774 | 7 | |
| NOx: natural mortality | 5135 | 20 | |
| SO2: lung cancer | 32 | 0 | |
| BaP: lung cancer | 0.02 | 0 | |
| Cd: cancer | 0.04 | 0 | |
| Ni: cancer | 0.003 | 0 | |
| Pb: mild mental retardation (children) | 8 | 0 | |
| Pb: cardiovascular diseases (adult) | 184 | 1 | |
| Air pollution | Air pollution together | 25310 | 100 |
| Noise | Cardiovascular disease | 3394 | 13 |
| Sleep disturbance | 9993 | 38 | |
| Annoyance | 13111 | 49 | |
| Noise | Noise total | 26498 | 100 |
| Traffic injuries | Injuries and fatalities | 6276 | 100 |
| Physical activity | Physical activity | −17309 | 100 |
| Total | Together | 40775 | – |