Table 3.
Intraoperative characteristics.
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of procedures | 3719 |
| Type of procedures | |
| Isolated CABG | 47.7 |
| Isolated valve | 25.7 |
| CABG + valve | 11.1 |
| Other | 15.5 |
| Aortic assessment (%) | |
| None | 18.2 |
| Palpation only | 42.9 |
| Epi-aortic only | 0.8 |
| TEE only | 27.6 |
| Mixture | 2.2 |
| Missing | 8.2 |
| Cardiopulmonary bypass duration (min, median) | 102.0 |
| Cross-clamp duration (min, median) | 78.0 |
| Cardioplegia | |
| Induction route, % yes | |
| Antegrade only | 54.8 |
| Retrograde only | 12.1 |
| Both | 33.1 |
| Maintenance route, % yes | |
| Antegrade only | 47.5 |
| Retrograde only | 24.4 |
| Both | 28.2 |
| Type, % yes | |
| None | 2.3 |
| Crystalloid | 1.8 |
| 1:1 | 0.2 |
| 2:1 | 0.1 |
| 4:1 | 44.7 |
| 8:1 | 36.3 |
| Variable ratio | 14.6 |
| Intraoperative blood management | |
| Nadir hematocrit (%) | |
| <21 | 17.7 |
| 21–23 | 17.3 |
| 24–25 | 16.9 |
| 26+ | 48.1 |
| Transfusions, % yes | |
| Red blood cell transfusions | 21.9 |
| Fresh-frozen plasma | 4.6 |
| Platelets | 6.0 |
CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; Epi-aortic, epi-aortic echocardiography; TEE, transesophageal echocardiography.