Table 1.
Patient and hospital characteristics by indication for bile duct reconstruction
| Congenital anomaly 1675 |
Malignant neoplasm 25 150 |
Benign neoplasm 1528 |
Biliary injury or trauma 6653 |
Other non-malignant disease 32 155 |
Total 67 160 | P-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | % | ||
| Gender | ||||||||||||
| Male | 441 | 26.3 | 13 385 | 53.2 | 619 | 40.5 | 2382 | 35.8 | 13 214 | 41.1 | 44.7 | <0.0001 |
| Female | 1233 | 73.7 | 11 765 | 46.8 | 909 | 59.5 | 4271 | 64.2 | 18 941 | 58.9 | 55.3 | |
| Age | ||||||||||||
| < 40 years | 592 | 35.4 | 486 | 1.9 | 128 | 8.4 | 1718 | 25.8 | 4907 | 15.3 | 11.7 | <0.0001 |
| 40–64 years | 727 | 43.4 | 10 717 | 42.6 | 714 | 46.7 | 2680 | 40.3 | 14 088 | 43.8 | 43.1 | |
| ≥ 65 years | 355 | 21.2 | 13 946 | 55.5 | 686 | 44.9 | 2255 | 33.9 | 13 161 | 40.9 | 45.3 | |
| Race | ||||||||||||
| White | 930 | 55.5 | 15 674 | 62.3 | 870 | 56.9 | 3627 | 54.5 | 18 088 | 56.3 | 58.4 | <0.0001 |
| Black | 102 | 6.1 | 1705 | 6.8 | 165 | 10.8 | 515 | 7.7 | 2235 | 6.9 | 7.0 | |
| Other/Unknown | 642 | 38.4 | 7770 | 30.9 | 493 | 32.3 | 2510 | 37.7 | 11 832 | 36.8 | 34.6 | |
| Income Quartile by ZIP Code | ||||||||||||
| Less than 25th percentile | 371 | 22.1 | 6149 | 24.4 | 358 | 23.4 | 1891 | 28.4 | 8490 | 26.4 | 25.7 | 0.0002 |
| 26–50th percentile | 452 | 27.0 | 6263 | 24.9 | 331 | 21.7 | 1736 | 26.1 | 8682 | 27.0 | 26.0 | |
| 51–75th percentile | 433 | 25.9 | 5958 | 23.7 | 421 | 27.6 | 1644 | 24.7 | 7383 | 23.0 | 23.6 | |
| 76–100th percentile | 379 | 22.6 | 6126 | 24.4 | 398 | 26.0 | 1250 | 18.8 | 6786 | 21.1 | 22.2 | |
| Insurance | ||||||||||||
| Government | 587 | 35.0 | 14 752 | 58.7 | 821 | 53.7 | 3207 | 48.2 | 17 174 | 53.4 | 54.4 | <0.0001 |
| Private | 836 | 49.9 | 9060 | 36.0 | 648 | 42.4 | 2786 | 41.9 | 11 869 | 36.9 | 37.5 | |
| Other/unknown | 252 | 15.2 | 1337 | 5.3 | 59 | 3.9 | 660 | 9.9 | 3112 | 9.7 | 8.1 | |
| Elixhauser score | ||||||||||||
| 0 | 542 | 32.4 | 1672 | 6.6 | 357 | 23.4 | 1873 | 28.2 | 6639 | 20.6 | 16.5 | <0.0001 |
| 1 | 484 | 28.9 | 5143 | 20.4 | 413 | 27.1 | 1628 | 24.5 | 7788 | 24.2 | 23.0 | |
| 2 | 339 | 20.2 | 6366 | 25.3 | 344 | 22.5 | 1364 | 20.5 | 7132 | 22.2 | 23.1 | |
| ≥3 | 310 | 18.5 | 11 969 | 47.6 | 413 | 27.0 | 1788 | 26.9 | 10 596 | 33.0 | 37.3 | |
| Elective Status | ||||||||||||
| Elective | 1019 | 60.8 | 17 069 | 67.9 | 1200 | 78.6 | 2519 | 37.9 | 14 813 | 46.1 | 54.5 | <0.0001 |
| Non-elective | 655 | 39.1 | 8081 | 32.1 | 328 | 21.4 | 4135 | 62.1 | 17 342 | 53.9 | 45.5 | |
| Hospital type | ||||||||||||
| Teaching | 1107 | 66.1 | 20 037 | 79.7 | 1249 | 81.7 | 4334 | 65.1 | 20 016 | 62.2 | 69.6 | <0.0001 |
| Non-teaching | 567 | 33.9 | 5113 | 20.3 | 279 | 18.3 | 2319 | 34.9 | 12 139 | 37.8 | 30.4 | |
| Hospital BDR volume | ||||||||||||
| Low volume (≤5) | 708 | 42.3 | 5764 | 22.9 | 410 | 26.9 | 2940 | 44.2 | 13 866 | 43.1 | 35.3 | <0.0001 |
| Medium volume (6–25) | 479 | 28.6 | 9048 | 36.0 | 442 | 28.9 | 1963 | 29.5 | 10 373 | 32.3 | 33.2 | |
| High volume (>25) | 488 | 29.1 | 10 337 | 41.1 | 675 | 44.2 | 1751 | 26.3 | 7916 | 24.6 | 31.5 | |
| Year | ||||||||||||
| 2004–2006 | 544 | 32.5 | 9065 | 36.0 | 510 | 33.4 | 2439 | 36.7 | 12 814 | 39.9 | 37.8 | 0.0155 |
| 2007–2009 | 679 | 40.6 | 9530 | 37.9 | 583 | 38.1 | 2404 | 36.1 | 11 726 | 36.5 | 37.1 | |
| 2010–2011 | 451 | 26.9 | 6554 | 26.1 | 435 | 28.5 | 1809 | 27.2 | 7615 | 23.7 | 25.1 | |