Table 3.

Associations between fish⁺ and n-3 LCFA intakes and all-cause mortality in participants with prevalent chronic disease^* at baseline and diabetes at baseline, Southern Community Cohort Study^**

	Participants with chronic disease at baseline			Participants with diabetes at baseline
	RR	95% CI	P trend	RR	95% CI	P trend
Total Fish
Quintile 1	1.00		0.23	1.00		0.22
Quintile 2	0.98	0.88–1.09		0.98	0.86–1.12
Quintile 3	0.94	0.85–1.05		0.91	0.79–1.04
Quintile 4	1.02	0.91–1.13		0.99	0.87–1.13
Quintile 5	0.90	0.80–1.01		0.89	0.77–1.03
Tuna
Quintile 1	1.00		0.90	1.00		0.70
Quintile 2	0.94	0.84–1.05		0.99	0.87–1.13
Quintile 3	0.97	0.87–1.09		0.96	0.84–1.11
Quintile 4	1.02	0.91–1.14		1.08	0.94–1.24
Quintile 5	0.96	0.86–1.07		0.99	0.87–1.13
Fried Fish
Quintile 1	1.00		0.03	1.00		0.06
Quintile 2	0.95	0.86–1.06		1.03	0.90–1.17
Quintile 3	0.97	0.87–1.08		0.94	0.82–1.07
Quintile 4	0.94	0.84–1.04		0.94	0.82–1.07
Quintile 5	0.87	0.78–0.98		0.89	0.78–1.03
Baked/Grilled Fish
Quintile 1	1.00		0.16	1.00		0.12
Quintile 2	0.94	0.84–1.05		0.93	0.81–1.07
Quintile 3	0.91	0.83–1.01		0.93	0.82–1.06
Quintile 4	1.03	0.92–1.15		1.01	0.88–1.15
Quintile 5	0.88	0.79–0.98		0.87	0.76–0.99
n-3 LCFA
Quintile 1	1.00		0.11	1.00		0.03
Quintile 2	1.03	0.92–1.14		1.06	0.93–1.20
Quintile 3	0.95	0.85–1.06		0.94	0.82–1.08
Quintile 4	0.99	0.89–1.11		0.95	0.82–1.08
Quintile 5	0.90	0.80–1.02		0.88	0.75–1.02

⁺Based on the FFQ item that asked about intake from 1) fried fish - fried fish, shrimp or seafood (including sandwiches), 2) baked/grilled fish - broiled or baked fish, shrimp, or seafood (including sandwiches), and 3) tuna - canned tuna, tuna casserole, or tuna salad (including sandwiches)

^*Chronic disease (i.e., prior history of diabetes, myocardial infarction, heart attack or coronary artery by-pass surgery, or stroke)

^**RRs adjusted for age, kcals/day, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, income, education, insurance coverage, race, gender, and total meat intake per day