Table 3.

Standardized mortality ratios overall and by duration of employment, NIOSH Capacitor Cohort, 1960–2008.^a

Underlying cause of deathb	Entire cohort (n = 24,865)			Short-term workersc (n = 7647)			Long-term workersc (n = 17,218)
	OBS	SMRd	95% CI	OBS	SMR	95% CI	OBS	SMR	95% CI
All causes	8688	0.99	0.97–1.01	2255	1.17	1.12–1.22	6433	0.94	0.91–0.96
All cancers	2593	1.06	1.02–1.10	686	1.20	1.11–1.30	1907	1.01	0.97–1.06
MN of buccal cavity and pharynx	45	1.12	0.82–1.50	17	1.89	1.10–3.03	28	0.90	0.60–1.29
MN of tongue	12	1.25	0.65–2.18	3	1.38	0.28–4.02	9	1.21	0.55–2.30
MN of other parts of buccal cavity	15	1.36	0.76–2.24	4	1.67	0.46–4.28	11	1.27	0.64–2.28
MN of pharynx	18	0.94	0.56–1.48	10	2.31	1.11–4.25	8	0.54	0.23–1.06
MN of digestive organs and peritoneum	603	1.09	1.00–1.18	151	1.23	1.04–1.44	452	1.05	0.95–1.15
MN of esophagus	60	1.21	0.92–1.55	10	0.90	0.43–1.66	50	1.29	0.96–1.71
MN of stomach	58	1.04	0.79–1.35	12	1.01	0.52–1.77	46	1.05	0.77–1.40
MN of intestine except rectum	231	1.11	0.97–1.27	56	1.23	0.93–1.60	175	1.08	0.92–1.25
MN of rectum	50	1.21	0.90–1.59	9	0.98	0.45–1.85	41	1.27	0.91–1.73
MN of biliary passages, liver and gall bladder	63	0.98	0.76–1.26	19	1.29	0.78–2.01	44	0.89	0.65–1.20
MN of pancreas	136	1.08	0.90–1.28	42	1.47	1.06–1.98	94	0.96	0.78–1.18
MN of peritoneum and other and unspecified of digestive organs	5	0.53	0.17–1.24	3	1.40	0.29–4.10	2	0.27	0.03–0.99
MN of respiratory system	797	1.08	1.00–1.15	230	1.35	1.19–1.54	567	0.99	0.91–1.08
MN of larynx	24	1.32	0.85–1.97	8	2.04	0.88–4.02	16	1.13	0.64–1.83
MN of trachea, bronchus, and lung	766	1.07	0.99–1.15	221	1.34	1.17–1.53	545	0.99	0.91–1.07
MN other parts of respiratory system	7	1.52	0.61–3.14	1	0.91	0.02–5.09	6	1.71	0.63–3.72
MN of breast	239	1.01	0.89–1.15	74	1.15	0.90–1.44	165	0.96	0.82–1.12
MN of female genital organs	143	1.00	0.84–1.18	39	1.03	0.73–1.41	104	0.99	0.81–1.20
MN of cervix uteri	31	1.12	0.76–1.60	10	1.29	0.62–2.37	21	1.06	0.66–1.62
MN of other and unspecified parts of uterus	34	1.07	0.74–1.50	6	0.75	0.28–1.63	28	1.18	0.78–1.70
MN of ovary, fallopian tube, and broad ligament	69	0.88	0.68–1.11	20	0.96	0.59–1.48	49	0.85	0.63–1.13
MN of other female genital organs	9	1.75	0.80–3.32	3	2.38	0.49–6.95	6	1.54	0.57–3.36
MN of male genital organs	87	0.96	0.77–1.18	9	0.57	0.26–1.09	78	1.04	0.82–1.30
MN of prostate	87	0.99	0.80–1.23	9	0.61	0.28–1.16	78	1.07	0.85–1.34
MN of urinary organs	109	1.08	0.89–1.31	31	1.43	0.97–2.02	78	0.99	0.78–1.24
MN of kidney	56	1.03	0.78–1.34	14	1.12	0.61–1.88	42	1.01	0.73–1.36
MN of bladder and other urinary organs	53	1.15	0.86–1.50	17	1.84	1.07–2.95	36	0.97	0.68–1.35
MN of other and unspecified sites	335	1.06	0.95–1.18	80	1.06	0.84–1.32	255	1.06	0.94–1.20
MN of bone	6	1.12	0.41–2.44	3	2.25	0.46–6.59	3	0.75	0.15–2.18
Melanoma	47	1.20	0.88–1.60	6	0.60	0.22–1.30	41	1.41	1.01–1.91
Other MN of skin	9	0.93	0.42–1.76	4	1.87	0.51–4.78	5	0.66	0.21–1.54
Mesothelioma	7	1.53	0.61–3.15	1	0.94	0.02–5.26	6	1.70	0.62–3.71
MN of connective tissue	14	0.94	0.51–1.57	3	0.78	0.16–2.27	11	0.99	0.50–1.77
MN of brain and other parts of nervous system	67	1.01	0.78–1.28	14	0.83	0.45–1.39	53	1.07	0.80–1.40
MN of thyroid gland	3	0.52	0.11–1.53	0	0.00	0.00–2.76	3	0.68	0.14–2.00
MN of other and unspecified sites	181	1.07	0.92–1.24	49	1.27	0.94–1.68	132	1.02	0.85–1.21
Neoplasms of lymphatic and hematopoietic tissue	235	1.01	0.88–1.15	55	1.02	0.77–1.33	180	1.01	0.86–1.16
Hodgkin disease	9	0.76	0.35–1.45	4	1.28	0.35–3.27	5	0.58	0.19–1.35
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	93	0.99	0.80–1.21	24	1.11	0.71–1.65	69	0.95	0.74–1.20
Multiple myeloma	45	1.12	0.82–1.50	4	0.45	0.12–1.14	41	1.31	0.94–1.78
Leukemia and aleukemia	88	1.02	0.82–1.25	23	1.15	0.73–1.73	65	0.98	0.75–1.24
Benign and unspecified neoplasms	30	0.90	0.61–1.29	9	1.19	0.54–2.25	21	0.82	0.51–1.26
Tuberculosis and HIV-related disease	47	1.23	0.91–1.64	32	2.80	1.91–3.95	15	0.56	0.32–0.93
Respiratory tuberculosis	3	0.47	0.10–1.36	1	0.81	0.02–4.50	2	0.38	0.05–1.39
HIV-related	44	1.45	1.06–1.95	31	3.13	2.13–4.44	13	0.64	0.34–1.09
Diseases of the blood and blood forming organs	32	0.89	0.61–1.25	3	0.38	0.08–1.12	29	1.02	0.69–1.47
Diabetes mellitus	206	0.91	0.79–1.04	54	1.05	0.79–1.36	152	0.87	0.74–1.02
Mental, psychoneurotic, and personality disorders	113	0.84	0.69–1.01	39	1.40	0.99–1.91	74	0.69	0.54–0.87
Alcoholism	19	0.60	0.36–0.94	10	1.20	0.58–2.21	9	0.39	0.18–0.74
Other mental disorders	94	0.91	0.74–1.12	29	1.48	0.99–2.12	65	0.78	0.60–0.99
Dementia and Alzheimer diseasee	116	1.04	0.86–1.24	32	1.57	1.08–2.22	84	0.92	0.73–1.14
Disorders of the nervous system and sense organs	254	1.09	0.96–1.24	60	1.22	0.93–1.57	194	1.06	0.92–1.22
Multiple sclerosis	14	0.91	0.50–1.53	3	0.68	0.14–1.98	11	1.01	0.50–1.81
Other diseases of the nervous system and sense organs	240	1.11	0.97–1.26	57	1.27	0.96–1.65	183	1.07	0.92–1.23
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosise	31	1.34	0.91–1.90	11	1.95	0.97–3.50	20	1.14	0.70–1.76
Parkinson diseasee	45	1.14	0.83–1.52	3	0.42	0.09–1.22	42	1.30	0.94–1.76
Diseases of the heart	2520	0.96	0.92–1.00	593	1.14	1.05–1.23	1927	0.92	0.87–0.96
Rheumatic heart disease, including fever	28	0.71	0.47–1.03	6	0.71	0.26–1.55	22	0.71	0.45–1.08
Hypertension with heart disease	60	0.71	0.54–0.92	19	1.07	0.65–1.68	41	0.62	0.44–0.84
Ischemic heart disease	1984	0.96	0.92–1.01	454	1.12	1.02–1.23	1530	0.92	0.88–0.97
Chronic disease of endocardium	44	0.87	0.63–1.17	7	0.69	0.28–1.42	37	0.91	0.64–1.26
Cardiomyopathy	86	1.08	0.86–1.33	27	1.50	0.99–2.18	59	0.96	0.73–1.23
Conduction disorder	148	1.08	0.91–1.27	42	1.46	1.05–1.98	106	0.98	0.80–1.19
Other diseases of the heart	170	0.98	0.84–1.14	38	1.12	0.79–1.54	132	0.95	0.79–1.12
Other diseases of the circulatory system	734	0.96	0.89–1.03	136	0.89	0.74–1.05	598	0.98	0.90–1.06
Cerebrovascular disease	478	0.94	0.85–1.02	89	0.88	0.71–1.09	389	0.95	0.86–1.05
Hypertension without heart disease	43	0.96	0.69–1.29	3	0.32	0.07–0.95	40	1.12	0.80–1.53
Diseases of the arteries, veins and lymphatic vessel	213	1.02	0.88–1.16	44	1.02	0.74–1.37	169	1.02	0.87–1.18
Diseases of the respiratory system	725	0.98	0.91–1.06	196	1.29	1.11–1.48	529	0.91	0.83–0.99
Influenza	3	0.59	0.12–1.73	0	0.00	0.00–3.67	3	0.74	0.15–2.15
Pneumonia (except newborn)	213	1.07	0.93–1.23	51	1.32	0.98–1.74	162	1.01	0.86–1.18
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	400	1.00	0.91–1.10	118	1.40	1.16–1.68	282	0.90	0.79–1.01
Asthma	16	0.97	0.55–1.57	6	1.47	0.54–3.21	10	0.80	0.38–1.47
Other respiratory diseases	89	0.81	0.65–1.00	21	0.90	0.56–1.38	68	0.78	0.61–0.99
Diseases of the digestive system	320	0.85	0.76–0.95	96	1.11	0.90–1.36	224	0.78	0.68–0.89
Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue	8	0.75	0.32–1.48	0	0.00	0.00–1.58	8	0.96	0.41–1.89
Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective system	33	0.85	0.58–1.19	10	1.09	0.52–2.00	23	0.78	0.49–1.16
Diseases of the genito-urinary system	136	0.89	0.75–1.05	34	1.08	0.74–1.50	102	0.84	0.69–1.02
Chronic and unspecified nephritis and renal failure and other renal sclerosis	90	1.12	0.90–1.38	25	1.46	0.95–2.16	65	1.03	0.80–1.32
Symptoms and ill-defined conditions	45	0.52	0.38–0.70	16	0.79	0.45–1.29	29	0.44	0.29–0.63
Transportation injuries	167	0.78	0.66–0.91	60	0.94	0.72–1.21	107	0.71	0.58–0.86
Falls	39	0.70	0.50–0.96	2	0.17	0.02–0.61	37	0.85	0.60–1.17
Other injury	120	0.79	0.66–0.95	49	1.19	0.88–1.57	71	0.65	0.50–0.81
Intentional self-harm	110	0.73	0.60–0.88	39	0.92	0.66–1.26	71	0.66	0.51–0.83
Assault and homicide	23	0.44	0.28–0.67	13	0.82	0.44–1.40	10	0.28	0.13–0.51
Other causes	207	0.91	0.79–1.04	64	1.17	0.90–1.49	143	0.82	0.69–0.97
Unknown cause	226			64			162

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; OBS, observed deaths; MN, malignant neoplasm; SMR, standardized mortality ratio.

^aAll results exclude workers who died (n = 61) or were lost to follow-up (n = 324) prior to the rate file begin date (1 January 1960).

^bInternational Classification of Disease (ICD) codes were mapped to underlying cause of death categories as described by Robinson et al. (2006) and tabulated on the NIOSH website (http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ltas/rates.html). All major categories of causes of death are presented. Some minor categories of causes of death are not presented because there were two or fewer deaths in the category or the category was not of a priori interest and the SMR was not in statistically significant excess.

^cShort-term workers worked less than 3 months; long-term workers worked 3 months or longer.

^dThe SMR is the ratio of observed to expected (based on US underlying cause of death rates, 1960–2007) deaths; 95% CI was estimated based on the Poisson distribution.

^eNeurodegenerative outcomes based on US underlying cause of death rates, 1960–2007. Dementia and Alzheimer disease (excluding arteriosclerotic dementia) includes ICD codes 304–305 (revision 7), 290.0–290.1 (revision 8), 290.0–290.3 and 331.0 (revision 9), and G30 (revision 10); amyotrophic lateral sclerosis includes ICD codes 306 (revision 7), 348.0 (revision 8), 335.2 (revision 9), and F01 (revision 10); and Parkinson disease includes ICD codes 350 (revision 7), 342 (revision 8), 332 (revision 9), and G20–G21 (revision 10).