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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 2.
Published in final edited form as: J Autism Dev Disord. 2014 Jan;44(1):75–89. doi: 10.1007/s10803-013-1853-4

Spontaneous Language Scores as Percentages of Total Utterances, ASD-LV

Visit 1 Visit 2 Visit 3 Visit 4 Visit 5 Visit 6
M (SD) M (SD) M (SD) M (SD) M (SD) M (SD)
MLUa 1.06** (0.11) 0.98** (0.63) 1.04** (0.52) 0.90** (0.82) 0.93** (0.86) 1.18** (0.61)
Total utterancesa 16.55** (33.77) 23.22** (29.72) 51.00** (126.05) 27.00** (46.36) 63.00** (84.63) 77.22** (109.78)
Nouns 16.26* (23.26) 14.98** (21.47) 9.32** (14.59) 11.84** (20.81) 24.08* (21.87) 30.70 (34.76)
Verbs 3.15 (6.89) 11.52* (14.73) 4.39** (8.15) 14.13** (19.39) 9.86** (12.44) 10.62** (15.94)
WhIPSyna 0.00 (0.00) 0.00** (0.00) 0.62** (1.76) 0.75** (1.49) 0.25** (0.71) 0.66** (2.00)
Brown’s 14 Morphemes
Progressive 0.00 (0.00) 0.46 (0.99) 0.10** (0.29) 1.14* (2.14) 0.57** (1.09) 0.33** (0.69)
In 0.00 (0.00) 0.00** (0.00) 0.03** (0.09) 0.22** (0.58) 0.15** (0.43) 0.26** (0.51)
On 0.00 (0.00) 0.00* (0.00) 0.00** (0.00) 0.33* (0.87) 0.00** (0.00) 0.32 (0.96)
Plural 0.21* (0.64) 0.76 (1.57) 0.79** (1.47) 1.60** (2.98) 1.12** (2.90) 2.69 (3.82)
Past irregular 0.00 (0.00) 3.24 (9.72) 0.90 (2.33) 1.97 (5.58) 0.45** (1.07) 0.21** (0.53)
Possessives 0.00 (0.00) 0.16 (0.47) 0.00** (0.00) 1.06 (2.80) 0.62 (1.76) 0.00 (0.00)
Uncontractible copula 0.00 (0.00) 0.00* (0.00) 0.07** (0.19) 0.75 (1.99) 0.14** (0.27) 0.32** (0.68)
Articles 0.11 (0.32) 1.43* (4.28) 0.59** (1.66) 3.58** (8.02) 3.60** (6.75) 4.45** (7.68)
Past regular 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00** (0.00) 0.00** (0.00) 0.00** (0.00) 0.00** (0.00)
3rd person singular (-s) 0.00 (0.00) 0.30 (0.60) 0.00** (0.00) 0.00** (0.00) 0.14** (0.39) 0.42* (0.85)
3rd person irregular (-s) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.03** (0.09) 0.00** (0.00) 0.00** (0.00) 0.18** (0.53)
Uncontractible auxiliary 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00 (0.00) 0.00* (0.00) 0.00** (0.00) 0.00* (0.00)
Contractible copula 0.00 (0.00) 0.15** (0.47) 0.17** (0.49) 1.09** (2.90) 1.17** (1.91) 1.70** (3.98)
Contractible auxiliary 0.00 (0.00) 0.00* (0.00) 0.00** (0.00) 0.69** (1.24) 0.21** (0.58) 0.39** (0.78)
a

Represent actual scores

*

Shows significant differences between TD and ASD-LV groups. All significant differences show where TD group produced significantly more than the ASD-LV group. * <.05,

**

<.01.