Table 1. Mother-neonate clinical features and sample numbers and analysis types at each time point.
| Clinical features | ||||||||||
| Gestational age (weeks) | 39.00 (37.571–41.571) | |||||||||
| Delivery modality | ||||||||||
| Vaginal (%) | 6 (19.5%) | |||||||||
| Cesarean section (%) | 25 (80.6%) | |||||||||
| Infant features | ||||||||||
| Infant gender (male:female) | 20:11 | |||||||||
| Head circumference (cm) | 35 (32–37.5) | |||||||||
| BMI (Kg/m2) 1 | 12.59 (11.6–15.53) | |||||||||
| APGAR 2 | 9 (7–10) | |||||||||
| Sample features | ||||||||||
| Time course | Collected samples | Analyzed by genomics Nr. (%) | Analyzed by metabolomics Nr. (%) | Analyzed by integrated omics Nr. (%) | ||||||
| Time course sampling | ||||||||||
| Days | Nr. (%) | FM | BM | fM | MM | 9 (13.0%) | 17 (24.3%) | 7 (15.6) | ||
| Day 1 | 31 (25.2%) | 31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Day 2 | 30 (24.4%) | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 (11.6%) | 17 (24.3%) | 7 (15.6) | ||
| Day 3 | 28 (22.8%) | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 (33.3%) | 15 (21.4%) | 13 (28.9) | ||
| Day 7 | 15 (12.2%) | 0 | 13 | 1 | 1 | 11 (16.0%) | 9 (12.9%) | 6 (13.3) | ||
| Day 15 | 10 (8.1%) | 0 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 9 (13.0%) | 6 (8.6%) | 6 (13.3) | ||
| Day 30 | 9 (7.3%) | 0 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 9 (13.0%) | 6 (8.6%) | 6 (13.3) | ||
| Total | 123 | 69 | 70 | 45 | ||||||
| Feeding modality 3 | ||||||||||
| FM | 89 (72.3%) | 40 (58.0%) | 47 (67.1%) | 27 (60%) | ||||||
| BM | 26 (21.1%) | 22 (31.9%) | 16 (22.9%) | 14 (31.2%) | ||||||
| fM | 4 (3.3%) | 3 (4.3%) | 5 (7.1%) | 2 (4.4%) | ||||||
| MM | 4 (3.3%) | 4 (5.8%) | 2 (2.9%) | 2 (4.4%) | ||||||
| Total | 123 | 69 | 70 | 45 | ||||||
Data are shown as median and interquartile range or percentage.
1BMI, body mass index
2APGAR, appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration
3FM, first- milk. or colostrum; BM, breast-milk; fM, formula-milk; MM, mixed-milk, BM plus fM.