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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 2.
Published in final edited form as: Read Writ. 2013 Aug 30;27(7):1119–1140. doi: 10.1007/s11145-013-9478-8

Table 5.

Means and standard deviations by first language after imputing missing data: post-tests of content knowledge (combined raw score)

M(SD)
 M(SD)
TRA English
(n = 12)		 SR English
(n = 22)		 d TRA Spanish
(n = 46)		 SR Spanish
(n = 37)		 d
Pretest 10.00 (2.89) 10.36 (3.90) −0.10 8.37 (3.90) 7.82 (4.82)   0.13
Immediate post-test 15.46 (2.90) 14.32 (2.24)   0.46 14.52 (2.90) 13.88 (4.18)   0.18
One-week delayed
post-test		 13.45 (5.96) 13.30 (2.70)   0.04 13.58 (4.06) 13.71 (3.21) −0.04
One-month delayed
post-test		 13.43 (6.53) 13.14 (2.92)   0.06 13.34 (3.71) 13.27 (2.99)   0.02

TRA teacher read aloud condition, SR silent reading condition