. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Educ Psychol. 2015 Aug;107(3):884–899. doi: 10.1037/edu0000026

Table 5.

Fit Indices for Models by Grade

Grades	Model	x²	df	p	AIC	Adj BIC	RMSEA	LB	UB	CFI	TLI	SRMR
4	One factor	255.94	42	0.00	14094	14110	0.14	0.12	0.15	0.85	0.81	0.14
	Four factor	142.85	39	0.00	13987	14004	0.10	0.08	0.12	0.93	0.90	0.08
	Three factor	110.91	36	0.00	13961	13979	0.09	0.07	0.11	0.95	0.92	0.06
	Bifactor	51.07	30	0.01	13914	13934	0.05	0.03	0.07	0.99	0.97	0.03
5	One factor	236.20	42	0.00	17646	17667	0.12	0.11	0.14	0.91	0.88	0.08
	Four factor	119.41	39	0.00	17536	17558	0.08	0.06	0.10	0.96	0.95	0.06
	Three factor	99.79	36	0.00	17522	17547	0.07	0.06	0.09	0.97	0.96	0.05
	Bifactor	42.62	30	0.06	17477	17505	0.04	0.00	0.06	0.99	0.99	0.02
6	One factor	260.22	42	0.00	17386	17405	0.13	0.12	0.15	0.89	0.86	0.11
	Four factor	82.32	39	0.00	17214	17235	0.06	0.04	0.08	0.98	0.97	0.04
	Three factor	75.30	36	0.00	17213	17236	0.06	0.04	0.08	0.98	0.97	0.04
	Bifactor	39.49	30	0.12	17189	17215	0.03	0.00	0.06	1.00	0.99	0.03
7	One factor	211.90	42	0.00	16821	16840	0.12	0.10	0.13	0.91	0.89	0.10
	Four factor	94.84	39	0.00	16710	16730	0.07	0.05	0.09	0.97	0.96	0.06
	Three factor	83.81	36	0.00	16705	16727	0.07	0.05	0.09	0.98	0.96	0.05
	Bifactor	34.22	30	0.27	16667	16692	0.02	0.00	0.05	1.00	1.00	0.03
8	One factor	201.26	42	0.00	12161	12171	0.13	0.11	0.15	0.89	0.86	0.12
	Four factor	107.81	39	0.00	12073	12084	0.09	0.07	0.11	0.95	0.93	0.06
	Three factor	72.65	36	0.00	12044	12056	0.07	0.04	0.09	0.98	0.96	0.05
	Bifactor	22.29	30	0.84	12006	12019	0.00	0.00	0.03	1.00	1.01	0.03
9	One factor	233.79	42	0.00	14049	14060	0.14	0.12	0.16	0.90	0.87	0.12
	Four factor	91.33	39	0.00	13913	13925	0.08	0.06	0.10	0.97	0.96	0.08
	Three factor	86.96	36	0.00	13915	13927	0.08	0.06	0.10	0.97	0.96	0.07
	Bifactor	53.92	30	0.00	13894	13908	0.06	0.03	0.08	0.99	0.98	0.05
10	One factor	88.95	42	0.00	5814	5801	0.10	0.07	0.12	0.93	0.91	0.18
	Four factor	58.05	39	0.03	5788	5774	0.06	0.02	0.09	0.97	0.96	0.13
	Three factor	40.46	36	0.28	5777	5763	0.03	0.00	0.07	0.99	0.99	0.11
	Bifactor	23.97	31	0.81	5771	5754	0.00	0.00	0.04	1.00	1.02	0.13

Note. AIC = Akaike information criterion; BIC = Bayesian information criterion; RMSEA = root mean square error of approximation; CFI = comparative fit index; TLI = Tucker-Lewis index; SRMR = standardized root mean square residual. The bifactor measurement model specifications varied by grade based on significance testing (p = .05).