Table 1.

Sociodemographic and Reproductive Characteristics of the Study Population (N = 641)

Characteristics	All participants (N= 641)		PHQ-9 Suicidal Ideation
			No (N = 533)		Yes (N = 108)		P valuec
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Age (years) a	28.8 ± 6.5		28.7 ± 6.5		29.0 ± 6.9		0.72
Age (years)
18–20	19	3.0	11	2.1	8	7.4	0.02
20–29	341	53.2	290	54.4	51	47.2
30–34	145	22.6	120	22.5	25	23.1
≥35	136	21.2	112	21	24	22.2
Education (years)
≤6	26	4.1	17	3.2	9	8.3	0.01
7–12	330	51.5	269	50.5	61	56.5
>12	284	44.3	246	46.2	38	35.2
Mestizo	477	74.4	397	74.5	80	74.1	0.93
Married/living with a partner	511	79.7	431	80.9	80	74.1	0.13
Employed	317	49.5	268	50.3	49	45.4	0.35
Access to basic foods
Hard	313	48.8	247	46.3	66	61.1	0.005
Not very hard	328	51.2	286	53.7	42	38.9
Nulliparous	296	46.2	251	47.1	45	41.7	0.27
Planned pregnancy	262	40.9	227	42.6	35	32.4	0.07
Gestational age at interview a	9.1 ± 3.6		9.1 ± 3.5		9.5 ± 3.8		0.27
Self-reported health (last year)
Good	434	67.7	371	69.6	63	58.3	0.10
Poor	198	30.9	159	29.8	39	36.1
Self-reported health status during pregnancy
Good	191	29.8	177	33.2	14	13.0	<0.0001
Poor	439	68.5	352	66.0	87	80.6
Overall sleep quality							<0.0001
Good (PSQI global score ≤ 5)	458	71.5	401	75.2	57	52.8
Poor (PSQI global score > 5)	183	28.6	132	24.8	51	47.2
Depression b	146	22.8	102	19.1	44	40.1	<0.0001
Any lifetime sexual or physical abuse by intimate partner
No	425	66.3	378	70.9	47	43.5	<0.0001
Yes	213	33.2	154	28.9	59	54.6
Any childhood physical or sexual abuse
No	162	25.3	152	28.5	10	9.3	<0.0001
Yes	472	73.6	376	70.5	96	88.9

Due to missing data, percentages may not add up to 100%.

Abbreviations: PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9

^a: Mean ± SD (standard deviation)

^b: Depression was defined as the PHQ-8 score ≥ 10.

^c: For continuous variables, P-value calculated using Student’s t test; for categorical variables, P-value was calculated using Chi-square test or Fisher exact test.