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. 2015 Aug;11(3):229–237. doi: 10.2174/1573403X10666141106104606

Fig. (1).

Fig. (1)

The human Beclin 1 interactome. The Beclin 1 protein consists of a BH3 domain, a CCD domain and an ECD domain. A nuclear export signal is harbored in the CCD domain (aa180-190). Beclin 1 interacts with PI3KC3/VPS34 through the CCD and the ECD domains, resulting in PI3KC3/VPS34 activation, which promotes autophagy, endocytosis and phagocytosis. Bcl-2, Bcl-XL and MCL-1 interact with Beclin 1 through the BH3 domain, which inhibits autophagy and promotes apoptosis. Atg14 and UVRAG compete for the binding to Beclin 1 through the CCD domain and form distinct complexes functioning at different stages of autophagy, with Beclin 1-PI3KC3/VPS34-Atg14L complex promoting autophagosome formation and Beclin 1-PI3KC3/VPS34-UVRAG complex promoting both autophagosome formation and maturation. Bif interacts with Beclin 1 through UVRAG, promoting PI3KC3/VPS34 activity and autophagy. Rubicon binds UVRAG and suppresses autophagosome maturation and endocytic trafficking.

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