Table 2.

Disease risk and risk factors for different ethnic and racial groups.

	Black/African American	Asian American/Pacific Islander	Non-White Hispanic
Disease Impact	30% more likely to die from heart disease Twice as likely to have a stroke Higher rate of MI Higher rate of heart failure Higher functional impairment from ACS Higher death rate from ACS	Coronary artery disease occurs earlier in life and in a higher percentage of the population in Asian Indians than in other ethnic groups	Lower rates of overall CVD Puerto Rican Americans have the highest HTN related death rates of all Hispanic subgroups. Rate of heart failure for Hispanics is lower than for African Americans, but higher than for non-Hispanic whites
Risk Factors	40% more likely to have high blood pressure 10% less likely than their white counterparts to have their blood pressure under control. Twice as likely to be diagnosed with Diabetes Higher rate of PVD Higher rate of Obesity	Lipoprotein levels are higher in Indians than any other ethnic group South Asians have more nontraditional CVD risk factors, including differences in inflammatory markers as well as insulin resistance South Asians were less likely to undergo systematic screening than white males Korean Americans, Vietnamese Americans and Filipino American males have some of the highest smoking rates	Awareness that heart disease is the leading cause of death was lowest for Latino women Mexican Americans have a higher prevalence of HTN Higher BMI and waist circumference among Mexican Americans Mexican Americans and Puerto Ricans have twice the rate of DM compared to non-Hispanic whites Higher rate of triglycerides Lower rates of CAC Mexican Americans have the highest rate of age-adjusted prevalence of metabolic syndrome compared to other race/ethnic groups
What to Do	Improved awareness and better HTN control Increased awareness of stroke symptoms Improved access to appropriate intervention. Tailored drug treatment for heart failure	Earlier screening for heart disease Emerging factors such as genetic polymorphism and dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in assessing risk factors	Increased awareness around risk factors Improved targeted strategies around diabetes control