Table 1. Baseline characteristics of participants based on their gender.
| Characteristic | Boy (%) | Girl (%) | Total (%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Household income | ||||
| Low | 223 (37.4) | 201 (36.3) | 424 (36.8) | 0.691 |
| Moderate | 235 (39.4) | 220 (39.7) | 455 (39.5) | |
| High | 139 (23.2) | 133 (24.0) | 272 (23.6) | |
| Area of residence | ||||
| Metropolitan | 102 (17.1) | 87 (15.7) | 189 (16.4) | 0.385 |
| Urban | 173 (29.0) | 156 (28.2) | 329 (28.6) | |
| Suburban | 142 (23.7) | 132 (23.8) | 274 (23.8) | |
| Rural | 130 (21.8) | 130 (23.5) | 260 (22.6) | |
| Subrural | 50 (8.4) | 49 (8.8) | 99 (8.6) | |
| Delivery type | ||||
| NVD | 278 (46.6) | 275 (49.6) | 553 (48) | 0.298 |
| C/S | 319 (53.4) | 279 (50.4) | 598 (52) | |
| Infant feeding | ||||
| Breast feeding | 342 (57.3) | 305 (55.0) | 647 (56.2) | 0.446 |
| Formula | 255 (42.7) | 249 (45.0) | 504 (43.8) | |
| Father's education | ||||
| Low | 225 (37.7) | 209 (37.7) | 434 (37.1) | 0.724 |
| Moderate | 326 (54.6) | 309 (55.8) | 635 (55.2) | |
| High | 46 (7.7) | 36 (6.5) | 82 (7.1) | |
| Mother's education | ||||
| Low | 255 (42.7) | 219 (39.5) | 474 (41.2) | 0.311 |
| Moderate | 329 (55.1) | 323 (58.3) | 652 (56.6) | |
| High | 13 (2.2) | 12 (2.2) | 25 (2.2) | |
| History of previous education | ||||
| Positive | 497 (83.2) | 496 (89.5) | 993 (86.3) | 0.205 |
| Negative | 100 (16.8) | 58 (10.5) | 158 (13.7) | |
| BMI range | ||||
| Under weight | 90 (15.1) | 79 (14.3) | 169 (14.7) | 0.935 |
| Normal | 379 (63.5) | 351 (63.4) | 730 (63.4) | |
| Overweight | 93 (15.6) | 93 (16.8) | 186 (16.2) | |
| Obese | 35 (5.9) | 31 (5.6) | 66 (5.7) | |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; C/S, cesarean section; NVD, normal vaginal delivery.