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(a) Schematic representation of electron transfer chain in Photosystem I (ET Chain). (b) Possible orientations of PSI on Au surfaced induced by chemical modification. Photosystem I can be anchored in an “up” orientation where the flow is in the opposite direction (P700 adjacent to substrate), a “down” orientation in which the natural direction of the flow of electrons is toward the electrode surface (FB down), or with its electron transport vector parallel to the substrate.
