Table 4.

Adjusted Associations of Distance to Food Establishments with Most Recent BMI z-Score, Stratified^a

	Estimates of BMI z-score by multivariable model (effect estimate, 95% CI)
Exposures	<$50,000	≥$50,000	Interaction p valuec
Networked distance to large supermarket, miles
≤0.5	−0.03 (−0.21, 0.15)	−0.10 (−0.14, −0.05)
>0.5–1.0	−0.06 (−0.23, 0.12)	−0.04 (−0.08, −0.01)
>1–2	0.02 (−0.16, 0.19)	−0.01 (−0.04, 0.02)
>2	0.0 (ref)	0.0 (ref)	0.11
Networked distance to small supermarket, miles
≤0.5	−0.56 (−1.17, 0.05)	−0.08 (−0.11, −0.04)
>0.5–1.0	−0.55 (−1.16, 0.06)	−0.06 (−0.10, −0.03)
>1–2	−0.59 (−1.21, 0.03)	−0.03 (−0.06, 0.00)
>2	0.0 (ref)	0.0 (ref)	0.14
Networked distance to fast food restaurants, miles
≤0.5	0.00 (−0.31, 0.30)	0.09 (0.03, 0.15)
>0.5–1.0	0.01 (−0.28, 0.30)	0.06 (0.01, 0.12)
>1–2	0.0 (ref)	0.06 (0.02, 0.11)
>2	NAb	0.0 (ref)	0.28
Networked distance to full-service restaurants, miles
≤0.5	1.28 (0.37, 2.19)	0.06 (0.00, 0.13)
>0.5–1.0	1.21 (0.30, 2.12)	0.05 (−0.01, 0.11)
>1–2	1.19 (0.29, 2.10)	0.03 (−0.02, 0.08)
>2	0.0 (ref)	0.0 (ref)	0.01
Networked distance to convenience stores, miles
≤0.5	1.01 (0.51, 1.51)	0.03 (−0.02, 0.07)
>0.5–1.0	0.98 (0.48, 1.47)	0.02 (−0.02, 0.06)
>1–2	0.93 (0.44, 1.43)	0.04 (0.00, 0.07)
>2	0.0 (ref)	0.0 (ref)	0.001
Networked distance to bakeries, coffee shops, candy stores, miles
≤0.5	0.05 (−0.15, 0.25)	−0.04 (−0.10, 0.01)
>0.5–1.0	0.06 (−0.14, 0.25)	−0.03 (−0.08, 0.02)
>1–2	0.0 (ref)	0.00 (−0.05, 0.04)
>2	NAb	0.0 (ref)	0.17

Model 1. Adjusted for age, sex, and race/ethnicity, neighborhood median household income, five other food establishments (continuous networked distance).

^aN=49,770.

^bThere were no participants in these categories.

^cInteraction p value is adjusted for age, sex, and race/ethnicity, neighborhood median household income, five other food establishments (continuous networked distance).

CI, confidence interval; NA, not applicable.