Figure 3.

Graves' orbitopathy fibroblasts demonstrate osteogenic and chondrogenic lineage differentiation. Graves' orbitopathy fibroblasts (lines HO1-3) were induced toward osteogenic (A–C) and chondrogenic (G/G'–I/ I') differentiation using specific media or kept in control medium under the same conditions (“undifferentiated”; [D–F] and [J/J'–L/L'], respectively). (A–F) Cells were stained with alizarin red to evaluate calcium deposits (brown areas). (G–L') Cell pellets were stained with Alcian blue without (G–L) or with (G'–L') prior treatment with hyaluronidase to evaluate glycosaminoglycan production (blue areas). Scale bar: 10 μm.