TABLE 1.
Demographic characteristics of older US infants (7–11 mo) and preschool-aged children (1–5 y) by age and race-ethnicity: NHANES 2003–20101
| Characteristic | Age 7–11 mo (n = 699)
|
Age 1–3 y (n = 2882)
|
Age 4–5 y (n = 1389)
|
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-HW (n = 234) | Non-HB (n = 109) | MA (n = 263) | P2 | Non-HW (n = 956) | Non-HB (n = 650) | MA (n = 859) | P2 | Non-HW (n = 469) | Non-HB (n = 346) | MA (n = 394) | P2 | |
| Sex (%)3 | 0.713 | 0.450 | 0.803 | |||||||||
| Male | 45.8 | 48.5 | 45.4 | 53.3 | 51.8 | 53.9 | 52.5 | 49.0 | 52.4 | |||
| Female | 54.2 | 51.5 | 54.6 | 46.7 | 48.2 | 46.1 | 47.5 | 51.0 | 47.6 | |||
| Weight-for-length or BMI-for-age percentile4 (%) | 0.355 | 0.005 | 0.076 | |||||||||
| <85th | 70.1 | 65.3 | 66.7 | 79.3 | 75.0 | 70.8 | 78.2 | 73.1 | 68.6 | |||
| ≥85 to <95th | 18.6 | 22.3 | 18.8 | 12.8 | 12.4 | 15.0 | 9.7 | 11.5 | 12.6 | |||
| ≥95th | 11.4 | 12.4 | 14.5 | 7.9 | 12.6 | 14.1 | 12.1 | 15.4 | 18.8 | |||
| Poverty:income ratio5 (%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||||||
| ≤130% | 23.8 | 50.3 | 62.1 | 23.6 | 59.8 | 59.2 | 22.8 | 55.6 | 59.6 | |||
| >130% | 76.2 | 49.7 | 37.9 | 76.4 | 40.2 | 40.8 | 77.2 | 44.4 | 40.4 | |||
| Maternal age at birth (%) | 0.114 | 0.003 | <0.001 | |||||||||
| ≤19 y | 7.0 | 9.0 | 16.3 | 7.2 | 17.8 | 11.5 | 7.9 | 20.6 | 17.6 | |||
| 20–34 y | 82.8 | 82.4 | 76.2 | 77.1 | 72.1 | 77.2 | 75.4 | 72.4 | 74.2 | |||
| ≥35 y | 10.2 | 8.6 | 7.5 | 15.6 | 10.1 | 11.3 | 16.7 | 7.0 | 8.2 | |||
| Birth weight (%) | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.018 | |||||||||
| <2500 g | 4.6 | 14.9 | 8.3 | 7.5 | 14.0 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 15.6 | 8.5 | |||
| 2500–4000 g | 87.2 | 83.0 | 81.7 | 80.0 | 81.0 | 80.5 | 79.8 | 77.9 | 80.7 | |||
| >4000 g | 8.2 | 2.1 | 9.9 | 12.5 | 4.9 | 12.0 | 12.5 | 6.5 | 10.8 | |||
| Current breastfeeding (%) | 0.020 | 0.006 | N/A | |||||||||
| Yes | 23.0 | 12.2 | 23.3 | 3.2 | 0.8 | 2.7 | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
| No | 77.0 | 87.8 | 76.7 | 96.8 | 99.2 | 97.3 | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
The category of “other race-ethnicity” is not included in these strata but is included in the totals. All sample sizes are unweighted. MA, Mexican American; N/A, not applicable; Non-HB, non-Hispanic black; Non-HW, non-Hispanic white.
Chi-square test for difference in percentages between race-ethnic groups accounting for the complex survey design.
Weighted percentages.
By using the CDC 2000 growth charts, children aged 7–23 mo were classified according to their weight-for-length z score, and children aged 2–5 y were classified by their BMI-for-age z score. The z scores were then converted to percentiles.
The poverty:income ratio is defined as total household income divided by the poverty threshold for the year of the interview multiplied by 100.