Table 3.
Cox Regression Analyses of Outcomes by Time Period, Overall, and by Race
| Outcomes | Pravastatin vs Usual Care | P Value for Treatment × Period Interaction | |
|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) P Value | |||
| In‐Trial | Post‐Trial | ||
| Mortality outcomes | |||
| All‐cause mortality | 0.97 (0.87–1.07) .52 | 0.95 (0.87–1.05) .31 | .85 |
| Black | 0.99 (0.84–1.17) .92 | 0.93 (0.80–1.07) .30 | .54 |
| Non‐black | 0.97 (0.84–1.11) .63 | 0.95 (0.85–1.07) .44 | .90 |
| CV mortality | 0.96 (0.83–1.13) .65 | 0.91 (0.79–1.04) .17 | .56 |
| Black | 0.93 (0.74–1.18) .56 | 0.88 (0.70–1.10) .25 | .71 |
| Non‐black | 1.01 (0.82–1.24) .92 | 0.91 (0.76–1.09) .29 | .44 |
| CHD | 0.92 (0.75–1.14) .47 | 0.85 (0.69–1.05) .13 | .60 |
| Black | 0.71 (0.51–1.00) .05 | 0.76 (0.55–1.07) .11 | .78 |
| Non‐black | 1.13 (0.85–1.49) .41 | 0.90 (0.69–1.17) .43 | .25 |
| Stroke | 1.02 (0.71–1.47) .91 | 1.02 (0.69–1.51) .93 | .99 |
| Black | 1.32 (0.76–2.29) .32 | 1.35 (0.68–2.67) .39 | .96 |
| Non‐black | 0.85 (0.51–1.40) .51 | 0.86 (0.53–1.40) .54 | .96 |
| Heart failure | 1.10 (0.68–1.76) .70 | 0.83 (0.54–1.30) .42 | .41 |
| Black | 1.17 (0.58–2.38) .66 | 1.00 (0.52–1.90) 1.00 | .74 |
| Non‐black | 1.03 (0.54–1.94) .93 | 0.70 (0.38–1.30) .26 | .39 |
| Other CVD | 0.95 (0.66–1.38) .79 | 0.98 (0.76–1.25) .85 | .91 |
| Black | 1.09 (0.62–1.92) .75 | 0.91 (0.62–1.34) .64 | .60 |
| Non‐black | 0.84 (0.51–1.40) .50 | 1.02 (0.73–1.41) .91 | .53 |
| Non‐CV mortality | 0.98 (0.84–1.15) .82 | 0.98 (0.87–1.11) .76 | .99 |
| Black | 1.04 (0.82–1.33) .73 | 1.00 (0.82–1.22) .73 | .77 |
| Non‐black | 0.95 (0.77–1.16) .61 | 0.97 (0.83–1.13) .67 | .88 |
| Cancer | 1.10 (0.88–1.36) .41 | 0.99 (0.81–1.21) .95 | .52 |
| Black | 1.20 (0.86–1.67) .28 | 1.19 (0.88–1.61) .26 | .98 |
| Non‐black | 0.98 (0.73–1.31) .91 | 0.88 (0.68–1.15) .35 | .58 |
| Kidney disease | 1.15 (0.56–2.35) .71 | 1.07 (0.63–1.83) .79 | .89 |
| Black | 2.12 (0.74–6.10) .16 | 1.10 (0.51–2.39) .80 | .33 |
| Non‐black | 0.57 (0.19–1.70) .31 | 1.02 (0.49–2.16) .94 | .38 |
| Accident, suicide, or homicide | 1.00 (0.51–1.97) .99 | 0.68 (0.34–1.38) .29 | .44 |
| Black | 0.97 (0.34–2.77) .96 | 1.27 (0.28–5.68) .75 | .77 |
| Non‐black | 1.03 (0.43–2.47) .95 | 0.58 (0.26–1.31) .19 | .35 |
| Other non‐CVD | 0.84 (0.66–1.08) .17 | 0.98 (0.83–1.16) .82 | .31 |
| Black | 0.80 (0.53–1.20) .28 | 0.81 (0.61–1.08) .15 | .96 |
| Non‐black | 0.87 (0.63–1.19) .38 | 1.09 (0.89–1.34) .42 | .24 |
| Unknown cause | 0.91 (0.58–1.41) .66 | 1.14 (0.56–2.34) .72 | .59 |
| Black | 0.74 (0.38–1.41) .36 | 1.11 (0.37–3.30) .85 | .53 |
| Non‐black | 1.08 (0.58–1.99) .81 | 1.16 (0.45–3.00) .76 | .90 |
| Combined fatal or nonfatal hospitalized events | |||
| CHD | 0.94 (0.80–1.12) .50 | 0.89 (0.73–1.08) .23 | .64 |
| Black | 0.71 (0.53–0.94) .02 | 0.92 (0.66–1.27) .61 | .24 |
| Non‐black | 1.12 (0.90–1.38) .31 | 0.87 (0.68–1.11) .27 | .13 |
| CVD | 0.97 (0.87–1.10) .68 | 0.93 (0.82–1.05) .26 | .60 |
| Black | 0.91 (0.76–1.10) .35 | 1.02 (0.83–1.25) .88 | .46 |
| Non‐black | 1.02 (0.87–1.19) .80 | 0.88 (0.75–1.03) .12 | .19 |
| Heart failure | 0.98 (0.80–1.22) .89 | 0.99 (0.81–1.20) .91 | .97 |
| Black | 1.16 (0.84–1.62) .36 | 1.07 (0.79–1.44) .68 | .69 |
| Non‐black | 0.87 (0.65–1.16) .34 | 0.92 (0.71–1.19) .52 | .78 |
| Stroke | 0.89 (0.71–1.11) .30 | 0.91 (0.74–1.13) .40 | .86 |
| Black | 1.02 (0.74–1.42) .90 | 0.96 (0.68–1.36) .81 | .79 |
| Non‐black | 0.78 (0.57–1.06) .11 | 0.89 (0.68–1.16) .39 | .51 |
| GI bleed | 0.95 (0.80–1.14) .60 | 1.03 (0.88–1.20) .74 | .54 |
| Black | 0.93 (0.70–1.23) .60 | 1.10 (0.86–1.41) .45 | .37 |
| Non‐black | 0.97 (0.77–1.23) .82 | 0.97 (0.80–1.19) .80 | >.99 |
| ESRD | 0.90 (0.60–1.35) .62 | 1.25 (0.88–1.78) .21 | .23 |
| Black | 0.94 (0.57–1.55) .80 | 1.96 (1.18–3.26) .01 | .04 |
| Non‐black | 0.81 (0.41–1.59) .54 | 0.75 (0.45–1.26) .28 | .87 |
Abbreviations: CHD, coronary heart disease; CI, confidence interval; CV, cardiovascular; ESRD, end‐stage renal disease; GI, gastrointestinal; HR, hazard ratio; SD, standard deviation; VA, Veterans Administration.