Table 1.

Ethylene glycol production with different engineered E. coli strains expressing the synthetic pathway

Experimental conditions	Final conc. (g/L)	Yielda (mol/mol) (g/g)		Productivity [g/(l h)]	References
Xylonate pathway expressed in E. coli ΔxylA mutant					[9]
Shake flask (MM + 4 g/L xylose + 1 g/L peptone + 0.5 g/L yeast extract)	0.92	0.55	0.23	ni
Bioreactor (MM + 40 g/L xylose + 10 g/L peptone + 5 g/L yeast extract, batch process)	11.7	0.71	0.29	0.24
(D)-ribulose-1P pathway (dte + fucA + fucO + fucK) expressed in E. coli ΔxylB ΔaldA (ΔendA ΔrecA) mutant					[10]
Shake flask (MM + 10 g/L xylose)	3.5	0.84	0.35	ni
Bioreactor (MM + unknown amount of xylose, fed-batch process)	42.0	ni	ni	0.6
(d)-xylulose-1P pathway (khkC + aldoB) expressed in E. coli ΔxylB mutant					[8]
Shake flask (MM + 10 g/L xylose)	1.9	0.45	0.19	ni
(d)-xylulose-1P pathway (khkC + aldoB + fucO) expressed in E. coli ΔxylB ΔaldA mutant					This study
Shake flask (MM + 10 g/L xylose)	4.1	0.94	0.39	ni
Bioreactor (MM + 55 g/L xylose + 1 g/L peptone, batch process)	20.3	0.91	0.38	0.37

MM mineral salt medium, ni not informed.

^aAll pathways listed in this table have a theoretical maximum EG yield on xylose of 0.41 g/g (1 mol/mol).