Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients in the sample *
| Measure | Total cohort (N=841) | Delirium group (N=109) | Non-delirium group (N=732) | p-value † |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 80.2 ± 6.4 | 81.7 ± 7.1 | 80.0 ± 6.3 | 0.02 |
| Male gender | 329 (39) | 41 (38) | 288 (39) | 0.73 |
| Non-white race | 104 (12) | 20 (18) | 84 (12) | 0.04 |
| Married | 302 (36) | 32 (29) | 270 (37) | 0.13 |
| Residence in nursing home prior to admission | 53 (6) | 12 (11) | 41 (6) | 0.03 |
| Education (years) | 11.1 ± 3.5 | 10.2 ± 3.3 | 11.2 ± 3.5 | 0.004 |
| Charlson | 3.0 ± 2.3 | 3.4 ± 2.4 | 2.9 ± 2.3 | 0.03 |
| APACHE II score (first 48 hours of admission) | 15.7 ± 4.1 | 17.0 ± 4.3 | 15.5 ± 4.0 | <.001 |
| Dementia | 110 (13) | 30 (28) | 80 (11) | <.001 |
| Number of ADL disabilities (prior to hospitalization) | 1.0 ± 1.7 | 2.0 ± 2.4 | 0.9 ± 1.6 | <.001 |
| MMSE score (at hospital admission) | 23.3 ± 4.9 | 19.8 ± 5.1 | 23.8 ± 4.6 | <.001 |
| Principal Diagnosis | ||||
| Pneumonia | 92 (11) | 10 (9) | 82 (11) | 0.53 |
| Chronic lung disease | 90 (11) | 6 (6) | 84 (11) | 0.06 |
| Congestive heart failure | 96 (11) | 17 (16) | 79 (11) | 0.14 |
| Ischemic heart attack | 72 (9) | 4 (4) | 68 (9) | 0.05 |
| Gastrointestinal disease | 111 (13) | 14 (13) | 97 (13) | 0.91 |
| Diabetes mellitus or metabolic disorder | 37 (4) | 6 (6) | 31 (4) | 0.55 |
| Cancer | 22 (3) | 4 (4) | 18 (2) | 0.46 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 20 (2) | 4 (4) | 16 (2) | 0.34 |
| Renal failure | 17 (2) | 2 (2) | 15 (2) | 0.88 |
| Anemia | 12 (1) | 0 (0) | 12 (2) | 0.18 |
| Other | 272 (32) | 42 (39) | 230 (31) | 0.14 |
| Received the delirium prevention intervention | 413 (49) | 43 (39) | 370 (51) | 0.03 |
*
Values reported are N(%) or mean ± SD. APACHE II = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, ADL = Activities of Daily Living, MMSE = Mini Mental State Examination.
†
P-values are for comparison of the delirium and non-delirium groups.