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. 2015 Sep 4;9:112. doi: 10.3389/fnana.2015.00112

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Copyright © 2015 Kalló, Molnár, Szöke, Fekete, Hrabovszky and Liposits.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Summary diagram to demonstrate the GABAergic and glutamatergic phenotype in neurons projecting from hypothalamic regions to the ventral tegmental area (VTA). (A) In addition to the major GABAergic (from the NAc and RMtg) and glutamatergic (from the LHb and LDtg) inputs, the hypothalamus (enframed) also represents a significant source of GABAergic and glutamatergic afferents to the VTA. The hypothalamic nuclei and regions demonstrated in two paramedian sagittal sections (B = L 0.18 and C = L 1.13 mm) are color-coded to illustrate the relative ratio of GAD65 (red) and VGLUT2 (green) expressing neurons. The white color shows the relative ratio of neurons, which either do not express these markers or express them below the detection threshold of ISHH.