Table 1.

Comparison between routine CCM and iCCM guidelines and inputs in Ethiopia

	Routine CCM	iCCM
Management of iCCM illnesses for children 2–59 months
Pneumonia	Referral to health center	Co-trimoxazole
Severe pneumonia	Referral to health center	Pre-referral treatment with co-trimoxazole
Diarrhea (no/some dehydration)	ORS/ORT	ORS/ORT
		Zinc
Severe diarrhea (severe dehydration, persistent diarrhea, severe persistent diarrhea, dysentery)	ORS	ORS
	Vitamin A (for persistent and severe persistent diarrhea only)	Vitamin A (for persistent and severe persistent diarrhea only)
	Referral to health center	Referral to health center
Malaria	Antimalarial	Antimalarial
Severe febrile disease	Referral to health center	Pre-referral treatment with co-trimoxazole
		Referral to health center
Uncomplicated malnutrition	RUTF or supplementary feeding program	RUTF or supplementary feeding program
Severe complicated malnutrition	Pre-referral treatment with amoxicillin and vitamin A	Pre-referral treatment with amoxicillin and vitamin A
	Referral to health center	Referral to health center
Program inputs
Training	No additional training	6-day training on iCCM
Supervision	Standard government supervision	Standardized supportive supervision on iCCM supported by partner organizations plus standard government supervision
		Biannual PRCM meetings
Supply of commodities	Standard government commodity supply chain system	Support for purchase and supply of drugs and other commodities by UNICEF and partners
	No additional supplies or job aids	Provision of iCCM registers, iCCM chart booklets, timers, and other supplies
Monitoring and evaluation	Standard government monitoring and evaluation	Enhanced data collection during supervisions and PRCM meetings
		Data management support by UNICEF

iCCM = integrated community case management; ORS/ORT = oral rehydration salts/oral rehydration therapy; PRCM = performance review and clinical mentoring; RUTF = ready-to-use therapeutic food; UNICEF = United Nation Children's Fund.

Source: UNICEF Ethiopia, 2012.