Table 1.

Comparative Normative Values (Mean ± SD) in Lower Extremity Alignment Clusters

Lower Extremity Alignment Variable	Our Study
	Cluster 1: Internally Rotated Hip and Valgus Knee Posture (4 men, 45 women)	Cluster 2: Neutral Posture (41 men, 16 women)	Cluster 3: Externally Rotated Knee and Valgus Knee Posture (4 men, 28 women)
				Nguyen and Shultz28,a
				Men (n = 50)	Women (n = 50)
Pelvic angle, °	13.9 ± 3.8b	9.7 ± 3.6c	13.5 ± 4.9b	8.7 ± 4.1	12.0 ± 4.9
Femoral anteversion, °	15.3 ± 5.2d	8.4 ± 4.5c	11.9 ± 5.1e	8.8 ± 5.2	17.6 ± 6.7
Quadriceps angle, °	14.1 ± 3.4d	9.2 ± 3.2c	17.4 ± 5.6e	9.0 ± 4.1	12.9 ± 4.6
Tibiofemoral angle, °	11.8 ± 2.3d	9.5 ± 2.2c	13.2 ± 2.0e	8.9 ± 2.5	10.7 ± 2.5
Genu recurvatum, °	5.5 ± 3.7f	4.0 ± 3.3f	1.4 ± 2.7e	2.3 ± 2.1	6.1 ± 4.2
Tibial torsion, °	13.1 ± 4.5d	16.4 ± 5.5c	25.9 ± 6.7e	20.5 ± 7.3	18.6 ± 6.3
Navicular drop, mm	5.1 ± 2.8	6.0 ± 3.4	6.6 ± 4.4	6.3 ± 3.0	7.3 ± 3.6

^aNormative values represent overall mean values of right and left limbs.

^bMean is different from the mean of cluster 2.

^cMean is different from the means of clusters 1 and 3.

^dMean is different from the means of clusters 2 and 3.

^eMean is different from the means of clusters 1 and 2.

^fMean is different from the mean of cluster 3.