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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2015 Apr 23;5(9):829–838. doi: 10.1002/alr.21543

Table 7.

Unadjusted and adjusted effect estimates for postoperative improvement in outcome measures associated with comorbid anxiety.

Quality of life measures: Unadjusted β
Mean (SE)		 Adjusted β
Mean (SE)		 95% CI
[LL, UL]		 p-value R2
SNOT-22 total score1 11.0 (5.1) 11.1 (4.7) [1.7, 20.5] 0.02 0.244
  Rhinologic symptoms2 3.6 (1.6) 3.5 (1.6) [0.4, 6.6] 0.03 0.220
  Extra-nasal rhinologic symptoms3 1.9 (0.9) 1.8 (0.9) [−0.01, 3.6] 0.05 0.125
  Ear and/or facial symptoms ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
  Psychological dysfunction ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
  Sleep dysfunction4 3.5 (1.8) 4.2 (1.7) [0.9, 7.5] 0.01 0.159
RSDI total scores ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
  Physical subdomain5 4.9 (2.3) 4.2 (2.2) [−0.2, 8.4] 0.06 0.140
  Functional subdomain ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
  Emotional subdomain ---- ---- ---- ---- ----

Positive unadjusted and adjusted effect estimates (β) indicate less/worse improvement associated with comorbid anxiety. CI, confidence interval; LL, lower limit; UL, upper limit; R2, coefficient of multiple determination; SNOT-22, 22-item Sinonasal Outcome Test; Rhinosinusitis Disability Index. Models were only built for outcomes with clinically significant bivariate mean differences (p<0.100) between anxiety subgroups.

1

Final models controlled for significant independent predictors (p<0.050) including: gender (female reference group; p=0.008), previous sinus surgery (p=0.002), and allergy (mRAST confirmed; p=0.018).

2

Final models controlled for significant independent predictors (p<0.050) including: previous sinus surgery (p=0.003), nasal polyposis (p=0.003), and alcohol use (p=0.008).

3

Final models controlled for significant independent predictors (p<0.050) including: previous sinus surgery (p=0.031), and allergy (mRAST confirmed; p=0.011).

4

Final models controlled for significant independent predictors (p<0.050) including: previous sinus surgery (p=0.020), and gender (p=0.003).

5

Final models controlled for significant independent predictors (p<0.050) including: previous sinus surgery (p=0.005), aspirin intolerance (p=0.019), and gender (p=0.077).