Figure 1.

Nelson–Aalen estimates of the cumulative hazard of death, by cause, for opioid substitution treatment (OST)– and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)–exposed and nonexposed individuals. A, Nelson–Aalen estimates of the cumulative hazard of mortality due to OST exposure, not adjusting for HAART exposure, demonstrated a strong protective effect of OST on the hazard of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other causes of death, but not drug-related death. B, In contrast, HAART had a similarly strong effect on the hazard of HIV-related death and comparable, significant effects on deaths due to drugs and other causes.