Table 2.

Effect of oidonin on cellular signaling pathways

Signaling pathway	Cell line	Effect	References
MAPK-p38	BxPC-3	Enhances anti-tumor activity of gemcitabine	[58]
ASK1 and JNK1	HuH-6 cells	Activated apoptosis signal	[33]
NF kappaB and p38	Inhibition	Induction of apoptosis	[72]
ERK-p53	Murine fibrosarcoma L929 cells	Activation	[35]
PTK-Ras-Raf-JNK	Murine fibrosarcoma L929 cells	Inhibition	[35]
Ras, JNK, and p38	Human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells	Regulation	[19]
LYN/mTOR	Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells	Inhibition of activation	[52]
P65 or p50 forms of NF-kappa and its upstream regulator I-kappa	Human breast cancer cells MCF-10A	Decrease of expression	[39]
PI3K/Akt	Cervical carcinoma HeLa cell line	Induction of apoptosis	[73]
AP-1, NF-kappa B, and p38	Colorectal cancer cell lines Lovo and SW480	Dowregulation	[67]
Akt and MAPK	Human osteosarcoma cells	Induction of apoptosis	[68]
P38 and JNK	Human osteosarcoma cells	Activation	[68]
Ras/Raf/ERK	A431 cells	Blockage	[76]
Fas/FasL signaling	U937 cells	Regulation	[74]
ERK	U937 cells	Induction of cell apoptosis	[75]
Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor signaling	Human melanoma A375-S2 cells	Induction of cell death	[76]
Caspase 9	A375-S2 cells	Induction of apoptosis	[77]
P53 and ERK	A375-S2 cells	Activation	[43]

Akt protein kinase B, AP activator protein, ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase, JNK c-Jun N-terminal kinase, MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase, mTOR mammalian target of rapamycin, NF nuclear factor, PI3K phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase